Monaca, Pa. — Ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei ʻo Shell Chemical ua loaʻa ka wā e hiki mai ana o ka mākeke resin polyethylene ma kapa o ka muliwai ʻo Ohio ma waho o Pittsburgh.
ʻO ia kahi e kūkulu ai ʻo Shell i kahi paʻakikī petrochemical nui e hoʻohana ai i ka ethane mai ke kinoea shale i hana ʻia ma nā kīʻaha Marcellus a me Utica e hana ai ma kahi o 3.5 biliona paona o ka resin PE i kēlā me kēia makahiki.E komo ka paʻakikī i ʻehā mau ʻāpana hana, kahi pahū ethane a me ʻekolu mau ʻāpana PE.
ʻO ka papahana, aia ma 386 ʻeka ma Monaca, ʻo ia ka papahana petrochemical US mua i kūkulu ʻia ma waho o ke Kai Kūʻono o Texas a me Louisiana i nā makahiki he nui.Manaʻo ʻia e hoʻomaka ka hana ʻana i ka 2020 mua.
"Ua hana au ma ka ʻoihana no nā makahiki a ʻaʻole au i ʻike i kekahi mea like me ia," i haʻi aku ai ke alakaʻi hoʻohui ʻoihana ʻo Michael Marr i ka Plastics News ma kahi kipa hou ʻana i Monaca.
ʻOi aku ma mua o 6,000 mau limahana ma ke kahua i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ʻOkakopa.ʻO ka hapa nui o nā limahana mai ka ʻāina ʻo Pittsburgh, wahi a Marr, akā ua lawe ʻia mai kekahi o ka poʻe i nā ʻoihana akamai e like me nā uila, welders a me nā pipefitters mai Baltimore, Philadelphia, Cleveland, Buffalo, NY, a ma waho.
Ua koho ʻo Shell i ka pūnaewele i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o 2012, me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kūkulu ʻana i ka hopena o 2017. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Marr ua koho ʻia ke kahua ʻo Monaca ʻaʻole wale no kona komo ʻana i nā waihona kinoea shale, akā no kona komo ʻana i kahi kahawai nui a me nā alanui interstate.
Ua lawe ʻia mai kekahi mau ʻāpana nui e pono ai no ka mea kanu, me kahi hale kiaʻi hoʻomaha 285 kapuaʻi, ma ka muliwai ʻo Ohio."ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i kekahi o kēia mau ʻāpana ma ke kaʻaahi a i ʻole kaʻa," wahi a Marr.
Ua wehe ʻo Shell i kahi ʻaoʻao puʻu holoʻokoʻa - 7.2 miliona cubic iwilei o ka lepo - no ka hana ʻana i ka ʻāina palahalaha kūpono no ka paʻakikī.Ua hoʻohana mua ʻia ka pūnaewele no ka hana ʻana i ka zinc e Horsehead Corp., a ʻo nā ʻōnaehana i hoʻonohonoho mua ʻia no kēlā mea kanu "ua hāʻawi iā mākou i ke poʻo o ka wāwae," wahi a Marr.
ʻO ka ethane a Shell e hoʻololi ai i ethylene a laila i PE resin e lawe ʻia mai nā hana shale Shell ma Washington County, Pa., a me Cadiz, Ohio.ʻOi aku ka nui o ka mana hana ethylene ma ka pūnaewele ma mua o 3 biliona paona.
"He kanahiku pakeneka o ka US polyethylene converters i loko o 700 mile o ka mea kanu," wahi a Marr."He nui nā wahi e hiki ai iā mākou ke kūʻai aku i loko o ka paipu a me nā uhi a me nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni a me nā huahana ʻē aʻe."
Ua wehe nā mea hana PE he nui o ʻAmelika ʻĀkau i nā keʻena hou nui ma US Gulf Coast i nā makahiki i hala aku nei i mea e hoʻohana pono ai i nā meaʻai shale haʻahaʻa.Ua ʻōlelo nā luna o Shell, ʻo ka wahi o kā lākou papahana ma Appalachia e hāʻawi iā ia i nā pono i ka hoʻouna ʻana a me nā manawa hoʻouna ma luna o nā wahi ma Texas a me Louisiana.
Ua ʻōlelo nā luna Shell he 80 pakeneka o nā ʻāpana a me nā hana no ka papahana nui e hele mai ana mai ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.
ʻO ka paʻakikī petrochemical o Shell Chemical aia ma 386 ʻeka ma Monaca, ʻo ia ka papahana petrochemical US mua i kūkulu ʻia ma waho o ke Kai Kai o Texas a me Louisiana i nā makahiki he mau makahiki.
Ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, e hana pū ʻo Shell me nā mea hoʻolaha resin Bamberger Polymers Corp., Genesis Polymers a me Shaw Polymers LLC e kūʻai aku i ka PE i hana ʻia ma ka pūnaewele.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo James Ray, kahi loiloi mākeke me ka hui kūkākūkā ʻo ICIS ma Houston, ʻo Shell "i ke kūlana e lilo paha i mea hana PE ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi loa ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, aia paha me kahi kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me nā hana hana ma ka puka o kā lākou mea kūʻai. "
"ʻOiai e hoʻokuʻu mua ʻo [Shell] i kahi ʻāpana kūpono o kā lākou hana, i ka manawa e hoʻopau nui ʻia e nā mea kūʻai aku kūloko," wahi āna.
ʻO Shell "pono e loaʻa ka waiwai ukana i nā mākeke waena akau a me ke kūkulu ʻākau, a loaʻa iā lākou ka waiwai o ka ethane," wahi a Robert Bauman, ka pelekikena o Polymer Consulting International Inc. ke kumu kūʻai e nā mea hoʻolako ʻē aʻe i ka mākeke.
Ua hoʻohuli ʻia ka manaʻo o ka papahana Shell i ka mokuʻāina ʻekolu o Ohio, Pennsylvania a me West Virginia.ʻO kahi hui like resin a me nā meaʻai meaʻai like ʻole ma Dilles Bottom, Ohio, ke nānā ʻia nei e PTT Global Chemical o Thailand a me Daelim Industrial Co. o South Korea.
Ma ka hālāwai kūkā GPS 2019 i Iune, ua ʻōlelo nā luna me ka hui Shale Crescent USA Trade he 85 pakeneka o ka ulu ʻana o ke kinoea kūlohelohe US mai 2008-18 i hana ʻia ma ke awāwa ʻo Ohio.
"Hoʻonui ka ʻāina i ke kinoea kūlohelohe ma mua o Texas me ka hapalua o ka ʻāina," wahi a ka luna ʻoihana ʻo Nathan Lord.ʻO ka wahi "ua hoʻokumu ʻia ma luna o ka mea hānai a ma ke kikowaena o nā mea kūʻai aku," i hoʻohui ai ʻo ia, "a ʻo ka nui o ka heluna US i loko o kahi lā hoʻokahi."
Ua ʻōlelo pū ʻo Lord i kahi haʻawina 2018 mai IHS Markit e hōʻike ana i ke awāwa ʻo Ohio he 23 ka nui o ke kumukūʻai ma PE vs. US Gulf Coast no nā mea i hana ʻia a hoʻouna ʻia ma ka ʻāina like.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Pelekikena Hui Pū ʻIa ʻĀina ʻo Pittsburgh ʻo Mark Thomas, ʻo ka hopena o ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka hoʻopukapuka kālā he mau piliona kālā a Shell ma ka ʻāina "he mea koʻikoʻi a ʻo kona hopena he pololei, kū ʻole a hoʻoulu ʻia."
"ʻO ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o ka hale hana ke kau nei i nā kaukani o nā ʻoihana ʻoihana akamai e hana i kēlā me kēia lā, a i ka manawa e paʻa ai ka mea kanu ma ka pūnaewele, aia ma kahi o 600 mau hana uku maikaʻi i hana ʻia e kākoʻo i kāna mau hana," wahi āna."Ma waho aʻe o ia mau manawa hoʻokele waiwai e pili ana i nā hale ʻaina hou, nā hōkele a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka papahana, i kēia manawa a i ka wā e hiki mai ana.
"He hoa hana maikaʻi ʻo Shell e hana pū me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka hopena e pili ana i ke kaiāulu.
Ua hōʻole ʻo Shell i ka hōʻike ʻana i ke kumukūʻai o ka papahana, ʻoiai ʻo nā manaʻo hoʻohālikelike mai ka poʻe kūkākūkā mai $6 biliona a $10 biliona.Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Pennsylvania Gov. Tom Wolf, ʻo ka papahana Shell ʻo ia ka pūnaewele hoʻopukapuka nui loa ma Pennsylvania mai ke Kaua Honua II.
Ma ka liʻiliʻi he 50 cranes i hana ma ke kahua i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ʻOkakopa.Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Marr i kekahi manawa ke hoʻohana nei ka pūnaewele i nā cranes 150.He 690 kapuaʻi ke kiʻekiʻe o kekahi, ʻo ia ka lua o ka crane kiʻekiʻe loa ma ka honua.
Hoʻohana piha ʻo Shell i ka ʻenehana ma ka pūnaewele, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā drones a me nā robots e nānā i nā pipeline a hāʻawi i nā ʻike lewa o ka hale no ka nānā ʻana.ʻO Bechtel Corp. ka hui nui o Shell ma ka papahana.
Ua komo pū ʻo Shell i ke kaiāulu kūloko, hāʻawi i $1 miliona e hana i ka Shell Center for Process Technology ma ke Kula Kaiapuni o Beaver County.Ke hāʻawi nei kēlā kikowaena i kahi kēkelē ʻenehana kaʻina hana ʻelua makahiki.Ua hāʻawi pū ka hui i kahi kālā $250,000 e ʻae i ke Kulanui o ʻenehana ʻo Pennsylvania ma Williamsport, Pa., e kiʻi i kahi mīkini hoʻoheheʻe rotational.
Manaʻo ʻo Shell ma kahi o 600 mau hana ma ka pūnaewele ke pau ka paʻakikī.Ma waho aʻe o nā reactors, ʻo nā mea hana i kūkulu ʻia ma ke kahua he 900-kapuaʻi hale kiaʻi hoʻoluʻu, kaʻaahi a me nā mea hoʻouka kaʻa, kahi hale mālama wai, hale keʻena a me kahi lab.
E loa'a nō ho'i i ka pūnaewele kāna mea kanu cogeneration pono'ī e hiki ke hana i 250 megawatts o ka uila.Ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā pahu hoʻomaʻemaʻe no ka hana resin i ʻApelila.Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Marr, ʻo ka hana nui e hiki mai ana ma ka pūnaewele ke kūkulu ʻana i kāna kiko uila a hoʻopili i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka pūnaewele me kahi pūnaewele o nā paipu.
ʻOiai ʻo ia e hoʻopau ana i ka hana ma kahi papahana e hoʻonui ai i ka lako PE o ka ʻāina, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Marr ua ʻike ʻo Shell i nā hopohopo e pili ana i ka pollution plastic, ʻoiai nā mea e pili ana i nā huahana plastik hoʻohana hoʻokahi.He lālā hoʻokumu ka hui o ka Alliance to End Plastic Waste, kahi hui ʻoihana e hoʻolilo ana i $1.5 biliona e hōʻemi i ka ʻōpala palaka ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa.Ma ka ʻāina, e hana pū ana ʻo Shell me Beaver County e hoʻoikaika i nā papahana hana hou ma ka ʻāina.
"Ua ʻike mākou ʻaʻole pili ka ʻōpala plastik i nā moana," wahi a Marr."Pono hou ka hana hou ʻana a pono mākou e hoʻokumu i kahi ʻoihana pōʻai."
Hoʻohana pū ʻo Shell i ʻekolu mau keʻena petrochemical nui ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ma Deer Park, Texas;a me Norco a me Geismar ma Louisiana.Akā ua hōʻailona ʻo Monaca i ka hoʻi ʻana i nā plastics: ua haʻalele ka firm i ka mākeke plastic commodity ma mua o hoʻokahi mau makahiki i hala.
Ua hoʻokumu ʻo Shell Chemical, kahi hui o ka hui ikaika honua ʻo Royal Dutch Shell, i kāna brand Shell Polymers i Mei 2018 ma ka hōʻike kālepa NPE2018 ma Orlando, Fla. Hoʻokumu ʻia ʻo Shell Chemical ma The Hague, Netherlands, me ke keʻena nui o US ma Houston.
He manaʻo kou no kēia moʻolelo?Loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau manaʻo āu e makemake ai e kaʻana like me kā mākou poʻe heluhelu?Makemake ʻo Plastics News e lohe mai iā ʻoe.E leka uila i kāu leka iā Lunahooponopono ma [email protected]
Hoʻopili ʻo Plastics News i ka ʻoihana o ka ʻoihana plastik honua.Hōʻike mākou i nā nūhou, hōʻiliʻili i ka ʻikepili a hāʻawi i ka ʻike i ka manawa kūpono e hāʻawi i kā mākou poʻe heluhelu i ka pono hoʻokūkū.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-30-2019