Ua ke nrog cov kab xev braided, overmolding thiab form-locking, herone tsim ib-daim, siab-torque iav-driveshaft ua qauv qhia rau ntau yam kev siv.
Unitized composite iav-driveshaft.Herone siv braided thermoplastic composite prepreg tapes raws li preforms rau ib tug txheej txheem uas consolidates lub driveshaft laminate thiab overmolds haumxeeb yam xws li lub zog, tsim unitized qauv uas txo qhov hnyav, ib feem suav, sib dhos lub sij hawm thiab tus nqi.Tau qhov twg los rau tag nrho cov duab |zaj dab neeg
Cov kev kwv yees tam sim no hu kom muaj ob npaug ntawm cov dav hlau ua lag luam nyob rau 20 xyoo tom ntej.Txhawm rau ua raws li qhov no, cov nqi tsim khoom hauv xyoo 2019 rau cov khoom siv dav dav dav dav dav sib txawv ntawm 10 txog 14 ib hlis ib OEM, thaum lub cev nqaim tau nce mus rau 60 ib hlis ib OEM.Airbus tshwj xeeb yog ua haujlwm nrog cov neeg muag khoom los hloov cov tsoos tsis tau siv sij hawm ntau, tes layup prepreg qhov chaw ntawm A320 rau cov khoom ua los ntawm kev nrawm dua, 20-feeb lub sijhawm ua haujlwm xws li kev kub siab resin hloov molding (HP-RTM), yog li pab ib feem. Cov neeg muag khoom tau ntsib kev thawb ntxiv mus rau 100 lub dav hlau hauv ib hlis.Lub caij no, lub nroog huab cua kev txav mus los thiab kev thauj mus los hauv nroog tau kwv yees xav tau 3,000 hluav taws xob ntsug tawm thiab tsaws (EVTOL) dav hlau ib xyoos (250 ib hlis).
"Kev lag luam xav tau cov thev naus laus zis ntau lawm nrog lub sijhawm luv luv uas tseem tso cai rau kev sib koom ua ke, uas yog muab los ntawm cov thermoplastic composites," hais tias Daniel Barfuss, tus tsim thiab tus thawj coj ntawm tus poj huab tais (Dresden, Lub teb chaws Yelemees), cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis thiab cov khoom tsim khoom. ruaj khov uas siv cov khoom siv thermoplastic matrix zoo los ntawm polyphenylenesulfide (PPS) rau polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) thiab polyaryletherketone (PAEK)."Peb lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog los ua ke cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov thermoplastic composites (TPCs) nrog tus nqi qis, kom ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm ntau yam kev tsim khoom siv thiab cov ntawv thov tshiab," ntxiv Dr. Christian Garthaus, tus kws tshaj lij thib ob tus tsim thiab tswj. tus khub.
Txhawm rau ua tiav qhov no, lub tuam txhab tau tsim ib txoj hauv kev tshiab, pib nrog cov ntaub ntawv tsis tu ncua, txuas ntxiv fiber ntau, braiding cov kab xev los ua ib qho hollow preform "organoTube" thiab sib sau ua ke cov organoTubes rau hauv cov profiles nrog cov hlaws sib txawv thiab cov duab.Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem tom ntej, nws siv cov weldability thiab thermoformability ntawm TPCs los ua ke cov khoom siv xws li cov iav sib xyaw rau hauv cov ncej, qhov kawg-fittings mus rau cov kav dej, los yog cov khoom hloov pauv mus rau hauv cov tension-compression struts.Barfuss ntxiv muaj kev xaiv los siv cov txheej txheem molding hybrid - tsim los ntawm ketone matrix tus neeg muag khoom Victrex (Cleveleys, Lancashire, UK) thiab cov khoom lag luam Tri-Mack (Bristol, RI, US) - uas siv qis melt kub PAEK daim kab xev rau cov profiles. thiab PEEK rau qhov overmolding, ua kom muaj fused, ib qho khoom siv thoob plaws hauv kev koom ua ke (saib "Overmolding expands PEEK's range in composites").Nws hais ntxiv tias "Peb qhov kev hloov kho kuj tseem ua rau cov duab geometrical-locking," uas tsim cov qauv sib xyaw uas tuaj yeem tiv taus ntau dua.
Tus txheej txheem herone pib nrog tag nrho impregnated carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastic tapes uas yog braided rau hauv organoTubes thiab consolidated.Garthaus hais tias "Peb tau pib ua haujlwm nrog cov organoTubes 10 xyoo dhau los, tsim cov kav dej hydraulic sib xyaw rau kev dav hlau," Garthaus hais.Nws piav qhia tias vim tsis muaj ob lub dav hlau hydraulic kav muaj tib lub geometry, yuav tsum muaj pwm rau txhua tus, siv cov tshuab uas twb muaj lawm."Peb xav tau ib lub yeeb nkab uas tuaj yeem ua tiav tom qab ua tiav cov yeeb nkab geometry.Yog li, lub tswv yim yog ua kom txuas ntxiv cov ntaub ntawv sib txuas thiab tom qab ntawd CNC khoov cov no mus rau qhov xav tau geometry. "
Fig. 2 Braided prepreg tapes muab net-shape preforms hu ua organoTubes rau herone's txhaj-forming txheej txheem thiab pab tsim ntau yam duab.
Qhov no suab zoo ib yam li Sigma Precision Components (Hinckley, UK) ua (saib "Redressing aeroengines with composite pipes") nrog nws cov pa roj carbon fiber ntau / PEEK cav hnav khaub ncaws."Lawv tab tom saib qhov zoo sib xws tab sis siv txoj kev sib koom ua ke sib txawv," Garthaus piav qhia."Nrog peb txoj hauv kev, peb pom muaj peev xwm nce kev ua tau zoo, xws li tsawg dua 2% porosity rau cov qauv aerospace."
Garthaus Ph.D.thesis ua hauj lwm ntawm ILK tshawb fawb siv nruam thermoplastic composite (TPC) pultrusion los tsim braided hlab, uas ua rau ib tug patented nruam manufacturing txheej txheem rau TPC hlab thiab profiles.Txawm li cas los xij, rau tam sim no, heroone tau xaiv los ua haujlwm nrog cov khoom siv dav hlau thiab cov neeg siv khoom siv cov txheej txheem molding tsis tu ncua."Qhov no ua rau peb muaj kev ywj pheej los ua txhua yam ntawm ntau yam duab, suav nrog cov duab nkhaus thiab cov uas muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv, nrog rau kev siv thaj ua rau thaj thiab ply-offs," nws piav qhia."Peb tab tom ua haujlwm los ua kom cov txheej txheem rau kev sib koom ua ke hauv zos thaj ua rau thaj thiab tom qab ntawd sib koom ua ke nrog cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw.Yeej, txhua yam uas koj tuaj yeem ua nrog cov laminates tiaj tus thiab cov plhaub, peb tuaj yeem ua rau cov raj thiab cov profiles. "
Ua cov TPC hollow profiles yog ib qho nyuaj tshaj plaws, hais tias Garthaus."Koj tsis tuaj yeem siv stamp-forming lossis tshuab molding nrog lub zais zis silicone;yog li ntawd, peb yuav tsum tau tsim cov txheej txheem tshiab. "Tab sis cov txheej txheem no ua rau muaj kev ua tau zoo heev thiab kho tau cov raj thiab cov ncej raws li qhov chaw, nws sau tseg.Nws kuj tseem siv tau los siv cov hybrid molding uas Victrex tsim, qhov twg qis dua melting kub PAEK yog overmolded nrog PEEK, consolidating organosheet thiab txhaj tshuaj molding nyob rau hauv ib kauj ruam.
Lwm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv organoTube braided daim kab xev preforms yog tias lawv tsim cov khoom pov tseg tsawg heev."Nrog rau braiding, peb muaj tsawg dua 2% pov tseg, thiab vim tias nws yog TPC daim kab xev, peb tuaj yeem siv cov khoom pov tseg me me no rov qab rau hauv qhov overmolding kom tau txais cov khoom siv tau txog li 100%, "Garthaus hais ntxiv.
Barfuss thiab Garthaus pib lawv txoj haujlwm txhim kho raws li cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Nyuaj Siab thiab Polymer Technology (ILK) ntawm TU Dresden.Barfuss sau tseg tias "Qhov no yog ib lub koom haum loj tshaj plaws nyob sab Europe rau kev sib xyaw thiab kev sib xyaw ua ke sib xyaw ua ke," Barfuss sau tseg.Nws thiab Garthaus tau ua haujlwm nyob rau ntawd yuav luag 10 xyoo ntawm ntau qhov kev txhim kho, suav nrog TPC pultrusion txuas ntxiv thiab ntau hom kev koom nrog.Qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawd thaum kawg tau distilled rau hauv dab tsi tam sim no tus hero TPC txheej txheem thev naus laus zis.
"Peb tom qab ntawd thov rau German EXIST program, uas yog tsom rau kev hloov cov thev naus laus zis mus rau kev lag luam thiab nyiaj 40-60 qhov haujlwm txhua xyoo hauv ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb," Barfuss hais."Peb tau txais nyiaj txiag rau cov cuab yeej siv peev, plaub tus neeg ua haujlwm thiab kev nqis peev rau qib tom ntej ntawm kev nce qib."Lawv tsim tus neeg ua yeeb yam hauv lub Tsib Hlis 2018 tom qab nthuav tawm ntawm JEC World.
Los ntawm JEC Ntiaj Teb 2019, tus neeg ua yeeb yam tau tsim ntau yam kev ua qauv qhia, suav nrog lub teeb yuag, siab-torque, kev sib xyaw iav driveshaft, lossis gearshaft."Peb siv cov pa roj carbon fiber ntau / PAEK daim kab xev organoTube braided ntawm cov ces kaum xav tau los ntawm ib feem thiab sib sau ua ke rau hauv ib lub raj," Barfuss piav qhia."Peb tom qab ntawd preheat lub raj ntawm 200 ° C thiab overmold nws nrog lub iav ua los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj luv luv carbon fiber-reinforced PEEK ntawm 380 ° C."Lub overmolding tau ua qauv siv Moldflow Insight los ntawm Autodesk (San Rafael, Calif., US).Pwm sau lub sij hawm tau optimized rau 40.5 vib nas this thiab ua tiav siv lub Arburg (Lossburg, lub teb chaws Yelemees) ALLROUNDER txhaj tshuaj molding tshuab.
Qhov no overmolding tsis tsuas yog txo cov nqi sib dhos, tsim cov kauj ruam thiab logistics, tab sis nws kuj txhim kho kev ua tau zoo.Qhov sib txawv ntawm 40 ° C ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm PAEK ncej thiab cov iav overmolded PEEK enables cohesive melt-bonding ntawm ob ntawm cov molecular theem.Ib hom kev koom ua ke thib ob, daim ntawv-xauv, ua tiav los ntawm kev siv lub zog txhaj tshuaj rau ib txhij thermoform lub ncej thaum lub sijhawm overmolding los tsim ib daim ntawv-locking contour.Qhov no tuaj yeem pom hauv daim duab 1 hauv qab no yog "kev txhaj tshuaj-kev tsim".Nws tsim ib lub corrugated los yog sinusoidal ncig qhov twg lub iav yog koom nrog ib tug du ncig hla-section, uas ua rau ib tug geometrically xauv daim ntawv.Qhov no ntxiv txhim khu lub zog ntawm kev sib xyaw gearshaft, raws li tau pom hauv kev sim (saib daim duab hauv qab sab xis).1. Tsim los ntawm kev koom tes nrog Victrex thiab ILK, herone siv txhaj tshuaj thaum lub sij hawm overmolding los tsim ib daim ntawv-locking contour nyob rau hauv lub integrated gearshaft (sab saum toj).Qhov kev txhaj tshuaj-forming txheej txheem tso cai rau kev sib xyaw gearshaft nrog daim ntawv xauv (ntsuab nkhaus ntawm daim duab) rau txhawb nqa lub zog siab dua piv rau ib qho overmolded iav-driveshaft yam tsis muaj daim ntawv xauv (dub nkhaus ntawm daim duab).
Garthaus hais tias, "Ntau tus neeg tau ua tiav kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev sib koom ua ke thaum lub sijhawm overmolding," thiab lwm tus siv cov ntawv kaw hauv cov khoom sib xyaw, tab sis tus yuam sij yog muab ob qho tib si rau hauv ib qho, automated txheej txheem.Nws piav qhia hais tias rau qhov kev xeem tau nyob rau hauv daim duab 1, ob lub ncej thiab tag nrho ncig ntawm lub iav raug clamped nyias, ces tig mus induce shear loading.Thawj qhov tsis ua tiav ntawm daim duab yog cim los ntawm lub voj voog los qhia tias nws yog rau lub iav PEEK overmolded yam tsis muaj daim ntawv-xauv.Qhov thib ob tsis ua haujlwm yog cim los ntawm lub voj voog crimped zoo li lub hnub qub, qhia txog kev sim ntawm cov iav overmolded nrog daim ntawv-xauv.Garthaus hais tias, "Qhov no, koj muaj ob qho tib si sib koom ua ke thiab sib koom ua ke," Garthaus hais tias, "thiab koj nce yuav luag 44% nce hauv lub zog hnyav."Qhov kev sib tw tam sim no, nws hais tias, yog kom tau txais daim ntawv-xauv kom thauj khoom ntawm theem ua ntej kom ntxiv dag zog lub zog no gearshaft yuav daws ua ntej tsis ua haujlwm.
Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm contour daim ntawv-xauv uas tus poj niam ua tiav nrog nws txoj kev txhaj tshuaj yog tias nws tau ua tiav rau tus kheej thiab qhov chaw thau khoom yuav tsum tiv taus.Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub gearshaft, daim ntawv-locking yog circumferential, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub nro-compression struts hauv qab no, nws yog axial.Garthaus hais tias "Qhov no yog vim li cas peb tau tsim kho yog txoj hauv kev dav dua," Garthaus hais."Yuav ua li cas peb sib xyaw ua haujlwm thiab ntu nyob ntawm tus kheej daim ntawv thov, tab sis qhov ntau peb tuaj yeem ua qhov no, qhov hnyav thiab tus nqi peb tuaj yeem txuag tau."
Tsis tas li ntawd, lub luv-fiber reinforced ketone siv nyob rau hauv overmolded functional ntsiab zoo li iav muab zoo heev hnav nto.Victrex tau ua pov thawj qhov no thiab qhov tseeb, ua lag luam qhov tseeb rau nws cov ntaub ntawv PEEK thiab PAEK.
Barfuss taw qhia tias kev sib koom ua ke gearshaft, uas tau lees paub nrog 2019 JEC World Innovation Award hauv aerospace qeb, yog "kev ua qauv qhia ntawm peb txoj hauv kev, tsis yog cov txheej txheem tsom rau ib daim ntawv thov xwb.Peb xav tshawb nrhiav ntau npaum li cas peb tuaj yeem txhim kho kev tsim khoom thiab siv cov khoom ntawm TPCs los tsim kev ua haujlwm, kev sib koom ua ke. "Lub tuam txhab tam sim no optimizing nro-compression rods, siv nyob rau hauv daim ntaub ntawv xws li struts.
Fig. 3 Tension-compression strutsInjection-forming yog txuas ntxiv mus rau struts, qhov twg herone overmolds lub hlau thauj khoom hloov mus rau hauv cov qauv siv axial form-locking kom muaj zog sib koom ua ke.
Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb rau qhov nro-compression struts yog cov khoom siv hlau sib txuas uas hloov pauv mus rau thiab los ntawm cov hlau diav rawg mus rau cov raj sib xyaw (saib cov duab hauv qab).Kev txhaj tshuaj-forming yog siv los ua ke cov khoom siv hlau thauj khoom nkag rau hauv lub cev sib xyaw strut.
Nws tau sau tseg tias "Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb uas peb muab yog txo tus naj npawb ntawm qhov chaw," nws sau tseg."Qhov no ua kom yooj yim rau kev qaug zog, uas yog qhov nyuaj rau kev siv dav hlau strut.Form-locking twb siv nyob rau hauv thermoset composites nrog ib tug yas los yog hlau ntxig, tab sis tsis muaj cohesive bonding, yog li koj muaj peev xwm tau txais ib tug me ntsis txav ntawm qhov chaw.Peb txoj hauv kev, txawm li cas los xij, muab cov qauv sib koom ua ke uas tsis muaj kev txav mus los. "
Garthaus hais txog kev ua siab ntev ua rau lwm qhov kev sib tw rau cov khoom no."Koj yuav tsum cuam tshuam cov struts thiab tom qab ntawd ua kev sim qaug zog," nws piav qhia."Vim tias peb tab tom siv cov ntaub ntawv thermoplastic matrix ua tau zoo, peb tuaj yeem ua tiav ntau npaum li 40% siab dua kev puas tsuaj rau cov thermosets, thiab tseem muaj cov microcracks los ntawm kev cuam tshuam loj dua nrog kev qaug zog."
Txawm hais tias kev ua qauv qhia struts qhia cov hlau ntxig, tam sim no tus hero tab tom tsim ib qho kev daws teeb meem tag nrho, ua kom muaj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm lub cev sib xyaw strut thiab lub ntsiab lus qhia txog kev thauj khoom."Thaum peb tuaj yeem ua tau, peb nyiam nyob txhua qhov sib xyaw thiab kho cov khoom los ntawm kev hloov kho hom fiber ntau ntxiv, suav nrog carbon, iav, txuas ntxiv thiab luv fiber ntau," Garthaus hais."Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, peb txo qhov nyuaj thiab cuam tshuam cov teeb meem.Piv txwv li, peb muaj teeb meem tsawg dua piv rau kev sib txuas cov thermosets thiab cov thermoplastics. "Tsis tas li ntawd, daim ntawv cog lus ntawm PAEK thiab PEEK tau raug sim los ntawm Tri-Mack nrog cov txiaj ntsig uas qhia tias nws muaj 85% ntawm lub zog ntawm lub hauv paus CF / PAEK laminate thiab yog ob zaug muaj zog li cov nplaum nplaum siv kev lag luam-tus qauv epoxy zaj duab xis nplaum.
Barfuss hais tias tam sim no heroone muaj cuaj tus neeg ua haujlwm thiab tab tom hloov los ntawm tus neeg xa khoom ntawm kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis mus rau cov khoom siv dav hlau.Nws cov kauj ruam loj tom ntej no yog kev tsim lub Hoobkas tshiab hauv Dresden.Nws hais tias "Txog thaum kawg ntawm 2020 peb yuav muaj kev sim cog ua thawj zaug," nws hais."Peb twb tau ua haujlwm nrog aviation OEMs thiab cov khoom tseem ceeb Tier 1, ua qauv tsim rau ntau hom kev siv."
Lub tuam txhab tseem ua haujlwm nrog eVTOL cov chaw muag khoom thiab ntau tus neeg koom tes hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas Raws li tus poj huab tais loj hlob daim ntawv thov dav hlau, nws tseem tau txais kev tsim khoom nrog cov khoom siv ncaws pob nrog rau cov puav thiab cov khoom siv tsheb kauj vab.Garthaus hais tias "Peb cov thev naus laus zis tuaj yeem tsim ntau yam ntawm qhov nyuaj nrog kev ua haujlwm, lub sijhawm voj voog thiab cov txiaj ntsig raug nqi," Garthaus hais."Peb lub sijhawm siv PEEK yog 20 feeb, piv rau 240 feeb siv autoclave-kho prepreg.Peb pom ntau txoj hauv kev, tab sis tam sim no, peb lub hom phiaj yog kom tau txais peb cov ntawv thov thawj zaug rau hauv kev tsim khoom thiab ua kom pom tus nqi ntawm cov khoom no rau kev ua lag luam. "
Herone kuj tseem yuav nthuav tawm ntawm Carbon Fiber 2019. Kawm ntxiv txog qhov kev tshwm sim ntawm carbonfiberevent.com.
Tsom ntsoov rau optimizing tsoos tes layup, nacelle thiab thrust reverser manufacturers nrum qhov muag rau yav tom ntej siv automation thiab kaw molding.
Aircraft riam phom system tau txais kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm carbon / epoxy nrog kev ua haujlwm ntawm compression molding.
Cov txheej txheem rau kev xam qhov cuam tshuam cov khoom sib xyaw muaj nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig ua kom cov ntaub ntawv sib piv rau cov ntaub ntawv ib txwm muaj nyob rau theem ua si.
Post lub sij hawm: Aug-19-2019