Wearable textile electronics yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev paub txog kev tswj hwm tus kheej.Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tau tshaj tawm tuaj yeem cuam tshuam ib ntus ntawm lub cev lub cev lossis tsis nco cov ntsiab lus meej ntawm cov cim, ua rau muaj kev ntsuam xyuas kev noj qab haus huv ib nrab.Tsis tas li ntawd, textiles nrog cov cuab yeej zoo heev thiab kev nplij siab tseem yog qhov nyuaj.Ntawm no, peb qhia txog triboelectric tag nrho-textile sensor array nrog kev kub siab rhiab heev thiab kev nplij siab.Nws nthuav tawm lub siab rhiab heev (7.84 mV Pa−1), lub sijhawm teb ceev (20 ms), ruaj khov (> 100,000 cycles), kev ua haujlwm dav dav bandwidth (txog 20 Hz), thiab tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws (> 40 ntxuav).Cov fabricated TATSAs tau stitched rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm cov khaub ncaws los saib xyuas cov hlab ntsha pulse nthwv dej thiab cov paib ua pa ib txhij.Peb txuas ntxiv txhim kho kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv rau kev soj ntsuam mus sij hawm ntev thiab tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov kab mob plawv thiab pw tsaug zog apnea syndrome, uas nthuav tawm kev nce qib zoo rau kev soj ntsuam ntau ntawm qee cov kab mob ntev.
Wearable electronics sawv cev rau lub sijhawm txaus nyiam vim lawv cov ntawv cog lus hauv cov tshuaj tus kheej.Lawv tuaj yeem saib xyuas ib tus neeg txoj kev noj qab haus huv nyob rau hauv tas li, lub sijhawm tiag tiag, thiab tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam (1–11).Pulse thiab ua pa, ua ob yam tseem ceeb ntawm cov cim tseem ceeb, tuaj yeem muab ob qho kev ntsuam xyuas tseeb ntawm lub cev lub cev thiab kev pom zoo rau kev kuaj mob thiab kev kwv yees ntawm cov kab mob (12–21).Txog niaj hnub no, feem ntau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas siv tau rau kev kuaj pom lub cev tsis zoo yog ua raws li cov txheej txheem ultrathin xws li polyethylene terephthalate, polydimethylsiloxane, polyimide, iav, thiab silicone (22-26).Ib qho tsis zoo ntawm cov substrates rau kev siv ntawm daim tawv nqaij nyob ntawm lawv cov qauv thiab cov qauv nruj.Yog li ntawd, cov ntaub nplaum, Band-Aids, lossis lwm yam khoom siv kho tshuab yuav tsum tsim kom muaj kev sib txuas ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab tib neeg cov tawv nqaij, uas tuaj yeem ua rau khaus thiab tsis xis nyob thaum siv sijhawm ntev (27, 28).Ntxiv mus, cov substrates no muaj huab cua permeability tsis zoo, ua rau tsis xis nyob thaum siv mus ntev, kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv tas li.Txhawm rau txo cov teeb meem hais saum toj no hauv kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv kev siv txhua hnub, cov ntawv xov xwm ntse muab cov kev daws teeb meem zoo.Cov textiles no muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm softness, lub teeb yuag, thiab breathability thiab, yog li, lub peev xwm rau realizing kev nplij siab nyob rau hauv wearable electronics.Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, kev mob siab rau kev mob siab rau tsim cov khoom siv textile-based systems nyob rau hauv cov sensors rhiab heev, lub zog sau qoob loo, thiab khaws cia (29–39).Tshwj xeeb, kev tshawb fawb tau ua tiav tau tshaj tawm txog cov khoom siv kho qhov muag, piezoelectricity, thiab resistivity-based smart textiles siv rau hauv kev saib xyuas cov mem tes thiab ua pa tawm (40-43).Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntaub ntawv ntse no feem ntau muaj qhov rhiab heev thiab ib qho kev soj ntsuam ib leeg thiab tsis tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm cov nplai loj (cov lus S1).Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev ntsuas pulse, cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws ntxaws yog qhov nyuaj rau kev ntes vim tias qhov faint thiab nrawm nrawm ntawm cov mem tes (piv txwv li, nws cov ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb), thiab yog li, yuav tsum muaj siab rhiab heev thiab cov lus teb tsim nyog.
Hauv txoj kev tshawb no, peb qhia txog triboelectric all-textile sensor array (TATSA) nrog rau siab rhiab heev rau epidermal hloov maj mam siab capturing, knitted nrog conductive thiab nylon yarns nyob rau hauv tag nrho cardigan plooj.Lub TATSA tuaj yeem muab kev kub siab rhiab heev (7.84 mV Pa−1), lub sijhawm teb ceev (20 ms), ruaj khov (> 100,000 cycles), kev ua haujlwm ntau zaus bandwidth (txog 20 Hz), thiab tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws (> 40 ntxuav).Nws muaj peev xwm sib xyaw nws tus kheej yooj yim rau hauv cov khaub ncaws nrog kev txiav txim siab, kev nplij siab, thiab kev zoo nkauj.Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, peb TATSA tuaj yeem koom ncaj qha rau hauv qhov chaw sib txawv ntawm cov ntaub uas sib haum rau cov mem tes nthwv dej ntawm caj dab, dab teg, ntiv tes, thiab pob taws txoj haujlwm thiab rau cov pa ua pa hauv plab thiab hauv siab.Txhawm rau ntsuas qhov ua tau zoo ntawm TATSA hauv kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub sijhawm tiag tiag thiab thaj chaw deb, peb tsim kho tus kheej lub ntsej muag saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv kom tsis tu ncua thiab khaws cov cim ntawm lub cev rau kev tshuaj xyuas kab mob plawv (CAD) thiab kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm pw tsaug zog apnea syndrome (SAS. ).
Raws li tau piav qhia hauv daim duab 1A, ob lub TATSAs tau muab khi rau hauv lub cuff thiab lub hauv siab ntawm lub tsho kom ua kom lub cev muaj zog thiab ib txhij saib xyuas cov mem tes thiab ua pa tawm, raws li.Cov teeb liab ntawm lub cev no tau xa mus rau wirelessly mus rau lub ntse ntse mobile davhlau ya nyob twg daim ntawv thov (APP) rau kev tshuaj xyuas ntxiv txog kev noj qab haus huv.Daim duab 1B qhia tau hais tias TATSA stitched rau hauv ib daim ntaub, thiab lub inset qhia pom qhov loj ntawm TATSA, uas tau knitted siv tus cwj pwm conductive yarn thiab coj mus muag nylon yarn ua ke nyob rau hauv ib tug tag nrho cardigan stitch.Piv nrog rau qhov yooj yim plooj plooj, feem ntau thiab yooj yim knitting txoj kev, tag nrho cardigan plooj raug xaiv vim hais tias kev sib cuag ntawm lub voj taub hau ntawm cov xov paj conductive thiab cov nyob ib sab tuck plooj taub hau ntawm nylon yarn (daim duab S1) yog ib tug nto. es tsis yog ib qho kev sib cuag, ua rau thaj chaw ua yeeb yam loj dua rau cov nyhuv triboelectric siab.Txhawm rau npaj cov xov paj conductive, peb xaiv stainless hlau raws li cov tub ntxhais fiber ntau ruaj, thiab ob peb daim ntawm ib-ply Terylene yarns tau twisted nyob ib ncig ntawm cov tub ntxhais fiber ntau rau hauv ib lub xov paj conductive nrog ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm 0.2 hli (daim duab S2), uas tau ua haujlwm raws li cov xov paj conductive. ob qho tib si electrode nto thiab conducting electrode.Cov xov paj nylon, uas muaj txoj kab uas hla ntawm 0.15 hli thiab ua hauj lwm raws li lwm qhov hluav taws xob, muaj zog tensile quab yuam vim nws tau twisted los ntawm incomputable yarns (daim duab S3).Daim duab 1 (C thiab D, ntsig txog) qhia cov duab ntawm cov xov paj ntaub thiab cov xov paj nylon.Cov insets qhia lawv cov duab scanning electron microscopy (SEM) dluab, uas nthuav tawm ib feem ntawm cov xov paj conductive thiab saum npoo ntawm cov xov paj nylon.Lub siab tensile lub zog ntawm cov conductive thiab nylon yarns ua kom lawv txoj kev muaj peev xwm ntawm lub tshuab ua haujlwm kom muaj kev ua tau zoo ntawm txhua qhov sensors.Raws li pom nyob rau hauv daim duab 1E, cov xov paj conductive, nylon yarns, thiab cov xov zoo tib yam tau raug mob mus rau lawv cov cones, uas tau muab tso rau hauv lub tshuab computerized ca knitting tshuab rau kev siv lub tshuab xaws tsis siv neeg (movie S1).Raws li qhia hauv daim duab.S4, ob peb TATSAs tau knitted ua ke nrog cov ntaub zoo tib yam siv lub tshuab muaj.Ib qho TATSA ib leeg nrog lub thickness ntawm 0.85 hli thiab qhov hnyav ntawm 0.28 g tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm tag nrho cov qauv rau kev siv tus kheej, nthuav tawm nws cov kev sib raug zoo nrog lwm cov ntaub.Tsis tas li ntawd, TATSAs tuaj yeem tsim ntau yam xim kom ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev zoo nkauj thiab kev zam vim muaj ntau hom kev lag luam nylon yarns (Daim duab 1F thiab daim duab S5).Cov fabricated TATSAs muaj softness zoo heev thiab muaj peev xwm tiv taus hnyav dabtsi yog khoov los yog deformation (daim duab S6).Daim duab 1G qhia tau hais tias TATSA stitched ncaj qha rau hauv plab thiab cuff ntawm lub sweater.Cov txheej txheem ntawm knitting lub sweater yog qhia nyob rau hauv daim duab.S7 thiab movie S2.Cov ntsiab lus ntawm sab xub ntiag thiab sab nraub qaum ntawm TATSA stretched ntawm lub plab txoj hauj lwm yog qhia hauv daim duab.S8 (A thiab B, ntsig txog), thiab txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov xov paj conductive thiab nylon xov yog qhia hauv daim duab.S8C.Nws tuaj yeem pom ntawm no tias TATSA tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv cov ntaub zoo tib yam seamlessly rau lub ntsej muag ntse thiab ntse.
(A) Ob lub TATSAs koom ua ke rau hauv lub tsho rau kev saib xyuas cov mem tes thiab ua pa tawm hauv lub sijhawm.(B) Schematic illustration ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm TATSA thiab khaub ncaws.Lub inset qhia qhov loj saib ntawm lub sensor.(C) Daim duab ntawm cov xov paj conductive ( nplai bar, 4 cm).Lub inset yog SEM duab ntawm tus ntoo khaub lig ntawm cov xov paj conductive (scale bar, 100 μm), uas muaj stainless hlau thiab Terylene yarns.(D) Daim duab ntawm cov xov paj nylon ( nplai bar, 4 cm).Lub inset yog SEM duab ntawm cov nylon yarn nto (scale bar, 100 μm).(E) Daim duab ntawm lub tshuab computer tiaj tiaj knitting nqa tawm lub tshuab xaws tsis siv neeg ntawm TATSAs.(F) Daim duab ntawm TATSAs nyob rau hauv cov xim sib txawv (scale bar, 2 cm).Lub inset yog twisted TATSA, uas qhia tau hais tias nws zoo heev softness.(G) Yees duab ntawm ob lub TATSAs tag nrho thiab seamlessly stitched rau hauv lub sweater.Duab credit: Wenjing Fan, Chongqing University.
Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm ntawm TATSA, suav nrog nws cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab hluav taws xob, peb tsim cov qauv geometric knitting ntawm TATSA, raws li qhia hauv daim duab 2A.Siv tag nrho cov cardigan plooj, cov xov paj conductive thiab nylon yog interlocked nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub voj units nyob rau hauv chav kawm thiab wale kev taw qhia.Ib lub voj voog ib leeg (daim duab S1) muaj lub taub hau lub voj voog, lub voj caj npab, ntu ntu hla, ntu caj npab, thiab lub taub hau taub hau.Ob daim ntawv ntawm kev sib cuag ntawm ob lub xov paj sib txawv tuaj yeem pom: (i) qhov chaw sib cuag ntawm lub voj taub hau ntawm cov xov paj conductive thiab tuck plooj taub hau ntawm cov xov paj nylon thiab (ii) qhov sib cuag ntawm lub taub hau ntawm lub voj voog. nylon xov paj thiab tuck plooj taub hau ntawm cov xov paj conductive.
(A) TATSA nrog rau pem hauv ntej, sab xis, thiab sab saum toj ntawm knit loops.(B) Simulation tshwm sim ntawm lub zog faib ntawm TATSA nyob rau hauv ib qho kev thov siab ntawm 2 kPa siv COMSOL software.(C) Schematic illustrations of the charge transfer of a contact unit in short-circuit conditions.(D) Simulation cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev faib tawm ntawm cov chaw tiv tauj nyob rau hauv qhov qhib hluav taws xob siv cov software COMSOL.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ua haujlwm ntawm TATSA tuaj yeem piav qhia hauv ob yam: sab nraud quab yuam stimulation thiab nws induced nqi.Txhawm rau kom nkag siab qhov kev ntxhov siab hauv kev teb rau kev txhawb nqa sab nraud, peb siv finite element tsom xam siv COMSOL software ntawm txawv zog sab nraud ntawm 2 thiab 0.2 kPa, raws li qhia hauv daim duab 2B thiab daim duab.S9.Qhov kev ntxhov siab tshwm rau ntawm qhov chaw sib cuag ntawm ob lub xov paj.Raws li qhia hauv daim duab.S10, peb tau txiav txim siab ob lub voj voog kom paub meej qhov kev faib tawm kev ntxhov siab.Hauv kev sib piv cov kev ntxhov siab nyob rau hauv ob lub zog sib txawv, qhov kev ntxhov siab ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov nylon yarns nce nrog cov zog sab nraud, uas ua rau muaj kev sib cuag thiab extrusion ntawm ob lub xov paj.Thaum lub zog sab nraud raug tso tawm, ob lub xov paj sib cais thiab txav deb ntawm ib leeg.
Kev sib cuag-kev sib cais txav ntawm cov xov paj conductive thiab nylon yarn induce charge transfer, uas yog vim yog kev sib txuas ntawm triboelectrification thiab electrostatic induction.Txhawm rau kom paub meej txog cov txheej txheem tsim hluav taws xob, peb txheeb xyuas ntu ntu ntawm thaj chaw uas ob lub xov tooj sib txuas nrog ib leeg (Daim duab 2C1).Raws li pom nyob rau hauv daim duab 2 (C2 thiab C3, ntsig txog), thaum TATSA yog stimulated los ntawm sab nraud quab yuam thiab ob yarns sib cuag nrog ib leeg, electrification tshwm sim nyob rau saum npoo ntawm conductive thiab nylon yarns, thiab sib npaug nqi nrog opposite. polarities yog tsim nyob rau saum npoo ntawm ob yarns.Thaum ob lub xov paj sib cais, cov nqi zoo raug cuam tshuam rau sab hauv stainless hlau vim tias cov nyhuv electrostatic induction.Qhov ua tiav schematic yog qhia hauv daim duab.S11.Txhawm rau kom tau txais kev nkag siab ntau ntxiv ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim hluav taws xob, peb simulated lub peev xwm faib ntawm TATSA siv COMSOL software (Fig. 2D).Thaum ob cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag, tus nqi feem ntau sau rau ntawm cov khoom sib txhuam, thiab tsuas yog ib tug me me ntawm induced nqi yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub electrode, uas ua rau lub peev xwm me me (Fig. 2D, hauv qab).Thaum ob cov ntaub ntawv sib cais (Fig. 2D, sab saum toj), qhov induced nqi ntawm cov electrode nce vim muaj peev xwm sib txawv, thiab cov peev xwm sib txuas, uas qhia tau hais tias muaj kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov txiaj ntsig tau los ntawm kev sim thiab cov los ntawm cov simulations. .Tsis tas li ntawd, txij li cov electrode ntawm TATSA tau qhwv hauv Terylene yarns thiab daim tawv nqaij yog nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog ob qho tib si cov ntaub ntawv sib txhuam, yog li ntawd, thaum TATSA hnav ncaj qha rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, tus nqi yog nyob ntawm seb lub sab nraud quab yuam thiab yuav tsis. yuav tsis muaj zog ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
Txhawm rau ua kom pom qhov ua tau zoo ntawm peb TATSA hauv ntau yam, peb tau muab cov ntsuas ntsuas uas muaj lub tshuab hluav taws xob muaj nuj nqi, lub zog amplifier, electrodynamic shaker, quab yuam ntsuas, electrometer, thiab computer (daim duab S12).Cov kab ke no ua rau muaj kev tawm dag zog sab nraud txog li 7 kPa.Hauv kev sim, TATSA tau muab tso rau ntawm daim ntawv yas tiaj tus hauv lub xeev dawb, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tau kaw los ntawm electrometer.
Cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb ntawm cov xov paj conductive thiab nylon cuam tshuam rau kev ua tau zoo ntawm TATSA vim tias lawv txiav txim siab qhov chaw sib cuag thiab lub peev xwm rau kev nkag siab ntawm sab nraud.Txhawm rau tshawb xyuas qhov no, peb tau tsim peb qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm ob lub xov paj, raws li: cov xov paj conductive nrog qhov loj ntawm 150D / 3, 210D / 3, thiab 250D / 3 thiab nylon yarn nrog qhov loj ntawm 150D / 6, 210D / 6, thiab 250D / 6 (D, denier; ib chav ntsuas ntsuas siv los txiav txim siab cov fiber ntau ntawm cov xov ib tus neeg; cov ntaub nrog lub siab denier suav yuav tuab).Tom qab ntawd, peb xaiv ob lub xov paj no nrog ntau qhov sib txawv los xaws rau hauv ib lub sensor, thiab qhov ntev ntawm TATSA tau khaws cia ntawm 3 cm los ntawm 3 cm nrog lub voj xov tooj ntawm 16 nyob rau hauv wale kev taw qhia thiab 10 nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia.Yog li, cov sensors nrog cuaj knitting qauv tau txais.Lub sensor los ntawm cov xov paj conductive nrog qhov loj ntawm 150D / 3 thiab nylon xov paj nrog qhov loj ntawm 150D / 6 yog qhov thinnest, thiab lub sensor los ntawm cov xov paj conductive nrog qhov loj ntawm 250D / 3 thiab nylon xov paj nrog qhov loj ntawm 250D / 6 yog qhov tuab tshaj plaws.Nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg kho tshuab excitation ntawm 0.1 mus rau 7 kPa, cov hluav taws xob outputs rau cov qauv no systematically soj ntsuam thiab sim, raws li qhia nyob rau hauv daim duab 3A.Cov zis hluav taws xob ntawm cuaj TATSAs tau nce ntxiv nrog kev siv zog ntxiv, los ntawm 0.1 txog 4 kPa.Tshwj xeeb, ntawm tag nrho cov qauv knitting, qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm 210D / 3 conductive yarn thiab 210D / 6 nylon yarn xa cov hluav taws xob siab tshaj plaws thiab nthuav tawm qhov siab tshaj plaws.Cov zis hluav taws xob pom tau tias muaj qhov sib txawv ntxiv nrog qhov nce ntawm qhov tuab ntawm TATSA (vim tias muaj qhov sib tiv tauj txaus) kom txog thaum TATSA tau knitted siv 210D / 3 conductive yarn thiab 210D / 6 nylon yarn.Raws li kev nce ntxiv hauv cov tuab yuav ua rau kev nqus ntawm sab nraud los ntawm cov xov paj, cov zis hluav taws xob txo qis raws li.Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tau muab sau tseg tias nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam uas tsis tshua muaj siab (<4 kPa), kev coj tus cwj pwm zoo sib txawv hauv qhov tso zis hluav taws xob nrog lub siab muab qhov siab tshaj qhov siab ntawm 7.84 mV Pa−1.Nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam siab-siab (> 4 kPa), qhov qis siab rhiab heev ntawm 0.31 mV Pa−1 tau sim pom vim tias qhov saturation ntawm thaj chaw muaj kev sib txhuam zoo.Ib qho kev xav zoo sib xws tau tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm rov ua haujlwm ntawm kev siv dag zog.Lub sij hawm ua vaj tse profiles ntawm cov zis voltage thiab tam sim no nyob rau hauv sib txawv pressures yog nthuav nyob rau hauv daim duab.S13 (A thiab B, feem).
(A) Cov zis hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv cuaj knitting qauv ntawm cov xov paj conductive (150D / 3, 210D / 3, thiab 250D / 3) ua ke nrog cov xov paj nylon (150D / 6, 210D / 6, thiab 250D / 6).(B) Voltage teb rau ntau tus lej ntawm lub voj voog nyob rau hauv tib lub cheeb tsam ntaub thaum khaws lub voj xov tooj nyob rau hauv wale kev taw qhia tsis hloov.(C) Cov phiaj xwm uas qhia cov lus teb ntau zaus nyob rau hauv lub zog siab ntawm 1 kPa thiab siab input zaus ntawm 1 Hz.(D) Cov zis sib txawv thiab tam sim no voltages nyob rau hauv lub zaus ntawm 1, 5, 10, thiab 20 Hz.(E) Durability xeem ntawm TATSA nyob rau hauv lub siab ntawm 1 kPa.(F) Cov yam ntxwv ntawm TATSA tom qab ntxuav 20 thiab 40 zaug.
Qhov rhiab heev thiab qhov hluav taws xob tso tawm kuj tau cuam tshuam los ntawm cov plooj ntom ntom ntawm TATSA, uas tau txiav txim siab los ntawm tag nrho cov xov tooj ntawm cov loops hauv thaj tsam ntsuas ntawm cov ntaub.Qhov kev nce ntawm cov stitch ceev yuav ua rau kom lub compactness ntau dua ntawm cov qauv ntaub.Daim duab 3B qhia tau hais tias cov kev ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv cov xov tooj sib txawv hauv cheeb tsam textile ntawm 3 cm x 3 cm, thiab cov inset qhia txog cov qauv ntawm lub voj voog (peb khaws lub voj xov tooj hauv chav kawm ntawm 10, thiab lub voj xov tooj hauv wale kev taw qhia yog 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, thiab 26).Los ntawm kev nce lub voj xov tooj, qhov tso zis hluav taws xob ua ntej nthuav tawm qhov kev sib txuas ntxiv vim tias qhov kev sib cuag tau nce mus txog qhov siab tshaj plaws qhov hluav taws xob siab tshaj plaws ntawm 7.5 V nrog lub voj xov tooj ntawm 180. Tom qab lub ntsiab lus no, cov zis hluav taws xob ua raws li qhov sib txawv vim qhov txo qis. TATSA tau nruj, thiab ob lub xov paj tau txo qhov chaw sib cais.Txhawm rau tshawb xyuas qhov kev taw qhia qhov ntom ntom muaj qhov cuam tshuam zoo rau cov zis, peb khaws lub voj xov tooj ntawm TATSA nyob rau hauv wale kev taw qhia ntawm 18, thiab lub voj xov tooj nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia tau teem rau 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, thiab 14. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txuas tau pom hauv daim duab.S14.Los ntawm kev sib piv, peb tuaj yeem pom tias qhov ntom ntom hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm chav kawm muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua ntawm cov zis hluav taws xob.Yog li ntawd, cov qauv knitting ntawm 210D / 3 conductive yarn thiab 210D / 6 nylon yarn thiab 180 loop units raug xaiv los knit TATSA tom qab kev ntsuam xyuas tag nrho ntawm cov khoom tso tawm.Tsis tas li ntawd, peb piv cov khoom tso tawm ntawm ob lub tshuab hluav taws xob siv cov khoom siv tag nrho cardigan plooj thiab plooj plooj.Raws li qhia hauv daim duab.S15, qhov hluav taws xob tso zis thiab rhiab heev siv tag nrho cardigan stitch yog ntau dua qhov uas siv plooj plooj.
Lub sij hawm teb rau kev soj ntsuam cov teeb liab lub sij hawm tau ntsuas.Txhawm rau tshuaj xyuas lub sijhawm teb ntawm peb lub sensor rau sab nraud quab yuam, peb muab piv rau cov zis hluav taws xob hluav taws xob nrog cov dynamic siab inputs ntawm ib zaus ntawm 1 txog 20 Hz (Fig. 3C thiab daim duab S16, feem).Cov zis hluav taws xob waveforms yuav luag zoo ib yam rau cov input sinusoidal siab tsis nyob rau hauv lub siab ntawm 1 kPa, thiab cov zis waveforms muaj lub sij hawm teb ceev (kwv yees 20 ms).Qhov hysteresis no yuav raug ntaus nqi rau cov qauv elastic tsis tau rov qab mus rau lub xeev qub sai li sai tau tom qab tau txais lub zog sab nraud.Txawm li cas los xij, qhov hysteresis me me no tau txais kev saib xyuas lub sijhawm.Txhawm rau kom tau txais lub zog siab nrog qee qhov ntau zaus, yuav tsum muaj cov lus teb tsim nyog ntawm TATSA.Yog li, tus yam ntxwv zaus ntawm TATSA kuj tau sim.Los ntawm kev ua kom lub zog sab nraud, qhov amplitude ntawm cov zis voltage tseem yuav luag tsis hloov, qhov amplitude ntawm tam sim no tau nce thaum lub tapping frequencies txawv ntawm 1 mus rau 20 Hz (Fig. 3D).
Txhawm rau ntsuas qhov rov ua tau zoo, ruaj khov, thiab ua haujlwm ntev ntawm TATSA, peb tau sim cov zis hluav taws xob thiab cov lus teb tam sim no rau lub zog thauj khoom-ntaus voj voog.Lub siab ntawm 1 kPa nrog zaus ntawm 5 Hz tau siv rau lub sensor.Lub ncov-rau-peak voltage thiab tam sim no raug kaw tom qab 100,000 loading-unloading cycles (Fig. 3E thiab daim duab S17, feem).Cov kev pom loj ntawm qhov hluav taws xob thiab cov waveform tam sim no tau pom nyob rau hauv inset ntawm daim duab 3E thiab daim duab.S17, ib.Cov txiaj ntsig tau nthuav tawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws rov ua tau zoo, ruaj khov, thiab ua haujlwm ntev ntawm TATSA.Washability kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm TATSA ua ib qho khoom siv textile tag nrho.Txhawm rau ntsuas lub peev xwm ntxhua khaub ncaws, peb tau sim cov zis voltage ntawm lub sensor tom qab peb tshuab-ntxuav TATSA raws li American Association of Textile Chemists thiab Colorists (AATCC) Test Method 135-2017.Cov txheej txheem ntxuav kom ntxaws tau piav qhia hauv Cov Khoom Siv thiab Cov Txheej Txheem.Raws li pom hauv daim duab 3F, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tau kaw tom qab ntxuav 20 zaug thiab 40 zaug, uas pom tau tias tsis muaj qhov txawv txav ntawm cov zis hluav taws xob thoob plaws hauv kev sim ntxuav.Cov txiaj ntsig no txheeb xyuas qhov zoo kawg nkaus washability ntawm TATSA.Raws li kev hnav khaub ncaws hnav, peb kuj tau tshawb xyuas qhov kev ua tau zoo thaum TATSA nyob rau hauv tensile (daim duab S18), twisted (daim duab. S19), thiab cov av sib txawv (daim duab S20).
Raws li ntau qhov zoo ntawm TATSA tau qhia saum toj no, peb tau tsim lub wireless mobile saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv system (WMHMS), uas muaj peev xwm ua kom tau txais cov cim qhia lub cev tsis tu ncua thiab tom qab ntawd muab cov lus qhia tshaj lij rau tus neeg mob.Daim duab 4A qhia txog lub tswvyim ntawm WMHMS raws li TATSA.Lub kaw lus muaj plaub lub ntsiab lus: TATSA kom tau txais cov cim qhia txog lub cev muaj zog, lub ntsuas hluav taws xob analog nrog lub lim dej qis (MAX7427) thiab lub suab nrov (MAX4465) kom paub meej cov ntsiab lus txaus thiab zoo heev synchronism ntawm cov teeb liab, analog-rau-digital. converter raws li lub microcontroller unit los sau thiab hloov cov analog signals rau cov teeb liab digital, thiab Bluetooth module (CC2640 low-power Bluetooth chip) xa cov teeb liab digital mus rau lub xov tooj ntawm tes daim ntawv thov (APP; Huawei Honor 9).Hauv txoj kev tshawb no, peb stitched TATSA seamlessly rau hauv lace, wristband, fingerstall, thiab thom khwm, raws li qhia hauv daim duab 4B.
(A) Cov lus piav qhia ntawm WMHMS.(B) Cov duab ntawm TATSAs stitched rau hauv lub dab teg, ntiv tes taw, thom khwm, thiab hauv siab pluaj, raws li.Kev ntsuas pulse ntawm (C1) caj dab, (D1) dab teg, (E1) ntiv tes, thiab (F1) pob taws.Pulse waveform ntawm (C2) caj dab, (D2) dab teg, (E2) ntiv tes, thiab (F2) pob taws.(G) Pulse waveforms ntawm cov hnub nyoog sib txawv.(H) Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm ib qho pulse nthwv dej.Radial augmentation index (AIx) txhais li AIx (%) = P2/P1.P1 yog lub ncov ntawm qhov nce mus txog nthwv dej, thiab P2 yog lub ncov ntawm lub nthwv dej ntawm kev xav.(I) Lub voj voog mem tes ntawm lub brachial thiab pob taws.Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is defined as PWV = D/∆T.D yog qhov kev ncua deb ntawm pob taws thiab lub brachial.∆T yog lub sij hawm ncua ntawm lub ncov ntawm pob taws thiab brachial mem tes nthwv dej.PTT, lub sijhawm thauj mus los.(J) Comparison of AIx and brachial-ankle PWV (BAPWV) between healthy and CADs.*P <0.01, **P <0.001, thiab ***P <0.05.HTN, kub siab;CHD, kab mob plawv;DM, ntshav qab zib mellitus.Duab credit: Jin Yang, Chongqing University.
Txhawm rau saib xyuas cov cim mem tes ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm tib neeg lub cev, peb txuas cov lus hais saum toj no nrog TATSAs rau cov haujlwm sib xws: caj dab (Fig. 4C1), dab teg (Fig. 4D1), ntiv tes (Fig. 4E1), thiab pob taws (Fig. 4F1). ), raws li elaborated hauv tsos S3 rau S6.Hauv cov tshuaj, muaj peb lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv pulse nthwv dej: lub ncov ntawm kev nce qib yoj P1, lub ncov ntawm qhov cuam tshuam yoj P2, thiab lub ncov ntawm dicrotic yoj P3.Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov ntsiab lus no qhia txog kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov hlab ntsha elasticity, peripheral tsis kam, thiab sab laug ventricular contractility cuam tshuam nrog cov hlab plawv.Cov mem tes waveforms ntawm ib tug poj niam hnub nyoog 25 xyoo ntawm plaub txoj haujlwm saum toj no tau txais thiab kaw hauv peb qhov kev sim.Nco ntsoov tias peb lub ntsiab lus tshwj xeeb (P1 txog P3) tau pom nyob rau ntawm daim ntawv mem tes ntawm caj dab, dab teg, thiab ntiv tes, raws li qhia hauv daim duab 4 (C2 txog E2).Los ntawm qhov sib piv, tsuas yog P1 thiab P3 tshwm sim ntawm lub mem tes waveform ntawm lub pob taws, thiab P2 tsis nyob (Daim duab 4F2).Qhov tshwm sim no yog tshwm sim los ntawm superposition ntawm cov ntshav yoj tawm los ntawm sab laug ventricle thiab cov nthwv dej tshwm sim los ntawm cov ceg qis (44).Cov kev tshawb fawb ua ntej tau pom tias P2 nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv waveforms ntsuas nyob rau hauv lub sab sauv extremities tab sis tsis nyob rau hauv pob taws (45, 46).Peb tau pom cov txiaj ntsig zoo sib xws hauv cov qauv ntsuas nrog TATSA, raws li qhia hauv daim duab.S21, uas qhia txog cov ntaub ntawv ib txwm los ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm 80 tus neeg mob tau kawm ntawm no.Peb tuaj yeem pom tias P2 tsis tau tshwm sim hauv cov mem tes waveforms ntsuas hauv pob taws, ua kom pom lub peev xwm ntawm TATSA txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov yam ntxwv hloov maj mam nyob rau hauv lub waveform.Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ntsuas pulse no qhia tau tias peb WMHMS tuaj yeem qhia meej cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev ntawm lub cev sab saud thiab qis thiab nws zoo dua rau lwm yam haujlwm (41, 47).Txhawm rau qhia ntxiv tias peb TATSA tuaj yeem siv dav rau cov hnub nyoog sib txawv, peb ntsuas pulse waveforms ntawm 80 yam ntawm cov hnub nyoog sib txawv, thiab peb tau pom qee cov ntaub ntawv raug, raws li qhia hauv daim duab.S22.Raws li pom hauv daim duab 4G, peb xaiv peb tus neeg koom nrog hnub nyoog 25, 45, thiab 65 xyoo, thiab peb lub ntsiab lus tau pom tseeb rau cov tub ntxhais hluas thiab cov hnub nyoog nruab nrab.Raws li cov ntaub ntawv kho mob (48), cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov neeg feem ntau cov pulse waveforms hloov raws li lawv muaj hnub nyoog, xws li ploj mus ntawm qhov point P2, uas yog tshwm sim los ntawm lub reflected yoj mus rau pem hauv ntej mus rau superimpose nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv lub advancing nthwv dej los ntawm kev txo qis. vascular elasticity.Qhov tshwm sim no kuj tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov qauv nthwv dej uas peb tau sau, tshawb xyuas ntxiv tias TATSA tuaj yeem siv rau ntau haiv neeg.
Pulse waveform yog cuam tshuam tsis tsuas yog los ntawm lub cev lub cev ntawm tus neeg, tab sis kuj los ntawm cov kev sim ntsuas.Yog li ntawd, peb ntsuas cov mem tes signals nyob rau hauv sib txawv kev sib cuag nruj ntawm lub TATSA thiab daim tawv nqaij (daim duab. S23) thiab ntau yam nrhiav tau txoj hauj lwm ntawm qhov chaw ntsuas (daim duab S24).Nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias TATSA tuaj yeem tau txais cov qauv mem tes zoo ib yam nrog cov ntaub ntawv ntxaws ntxaws nyob ib puag ncig lub nkoj hauv thaj chaw kuaj pom zoo ntawm qhov chaw ntsuas.Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj cov cim tso tawm sib txawv nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nruj ntawm TATSA thiab daim tawv nqaij.Tsis tas li ntawd, cov lus tsa suab ntawm cov tib neeg hnav cov sensors yuav cuam tshuam rau cov cim mem tes.Thaum lub dab teg ntawm qhov kev kawm nyob rau hauv ib qho zoo li qub, lub amplitude ntawm cov mem tes waveform tau ruaj khov (daim duab S25A);conversely, thaum lub dab teg maj mam txav ntawm ib lub kaum sab xis ntawm −70 ° mus rau 70 ° thaum lub sij hawm 30 s, lub amplitude ntawm lub mem tes waveform yuav fluctuate (daim duab S25B).Txawm li cas los xij, qhov contour ntawm txhua daim ntawv pulse waveform yog pom, thiab cov pulse rate tseem tuaj yeem raug tau.Pom tseeb, kom ua tiav qhov ruaj khov pulse nthwv dej tau txais hauv tib neeg txoj kev txav, kev ua haujlwm ntxiv nrog rau kev tsim sensor thiab rov qab-kawg teeb liab yuav tsum tau tshawb fawb.
Tsis tas li ntawd, txhawm rau txheeb xyuas thiab ntsuas ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov hlab plawv system los ntawm kev tau txais cov mem tes waveforms siv peb TATSA, peb tau qhia ob qhov kev ntsuas hemodynamic raws li kev ntsuas kev ntsuas ntawm cov hlab plawv, uas yog, augmentation Performance index (AIx) thiab pulse wave velocity. (PWV), uas sawv cev rau elasticity ntawm cov hlab ntsha.Raws li pom nyob rau hauv daim duab 4H, cov mem tes waveform ntawm lub dab teg txoj hauj lwm ntawm 25-xyoo-laus tus txiv neej noj qab haus huv tau siv rau kev tsom xam ntawm AIx.Raws li cov qauv (section S1), AIx = 60% tau txais, uas yog tus nqi ib txwm muaj.Tom qab ntawd, peb ib txhij sau ob lub mem tes waveforms ntawm caj npab thiab pob taws txoj haujlwm ntawm tus neeg koom nrog no (cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws ntawm kev ntsuas cov mem tes waveform tau piav qhia hauv Cov Khoom Siv thiab Cov Txheej Txheem).Raws li qhia hauv daim duab 4I, cov ntsiab lus ntawm ob lub mem tes waveforms txawv.Peb mam li xam PWV raws lub formula (section S1).PWV = 1363 cm/s, which is a characteristic value expect of a healthy adult men, was get.Ntawm qhov tod tes, peb tuaj yeem pom tias qhov ntsuas ntawm AIx lossis PWV tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntsuas pulse waveform, thiab cov txiaj ntsig ntawm AIx hauv lub cev sib txawv yog ntau yam.Hauv peb txoj kev tshawb fawb, radial AIx tau siv.Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov siv tau ntawm WMHMS hauv cov neeg sib txawv, peb xaiv 20 tus neeg koom nrog hauv pab pawg noj qab haus huv, 20 hauv pab pawg ntshav siab (HTN), 20 hauv cov kab mob plawv (CHD) pawg hnub nyoog txij li 50 txog 59 xyoo, thiab 20 nyob rau hauv Mob ntshav qab zib mellitus (DM) pawg.Peb ntsuas lawv cov mem tes nthwv dej thiab muab piv rau lawv ob qhov tsis muaj, AIx thiab PWV, raws li qhia hauv daim duab 4J.Nws tuaj yeem pom tias PWV qhov tseem ceeb ntawm pawg HTN, CHD, thiab DM tau qis dua piv nrog cov pab pawg noj qab haus huv thiab muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov lej (PHTN ≪ 0.001, PCHD ≪ 0.001, thiab PDM ≪ 0.001; P qhov tseem ceeb tau suav los ntawm t. xeem).Lub caij no, AIx qhov tseem ceeb ntawm HTN thiab CHD pawg tau qis dua piv nrog cov pab pawg noj qab haus huv thiab muaj qhov sib txawv (PHTN < 0.01, PCHD < 0.001, thiab PDM < 0.05).PWV thiab AIx ntawm cov neeg koom nrog CHD, HTN, lossis DM tau siab dua cov hauv pawg noj qab haus huv.Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tias TATSA muaj peev xwm ua tau kom tau txais cov mem tes waveform los xam cov kab mob plawv los ntsuas cov kab mob plawv.Hauv kev xaus, vim nws cov wireless, kev daws teeb meem siab, cov yam ntxwv siab thiab kev nplij siab, WMHMS raws li TATSA muab cov kev xaiv zoo dua rau kev saib xyuas lub sijhawm tiag tiag dua li cov khoom siv kho mob kim tam sim no siv hauv tsev kho mob.
Ntxiv nrog rau qhov pulse nthwv dej, cov ntaub ntawv ua pa kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov cim qhia los pab ntsuam xyuas lub cev ntawm tus neeg.Kev saib xyuas ntawm kev ua pa raws li peb TATSA yog qhov zoo nkauj dua li cov pa polysomnography vim tias nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov khaub ncaws zoo sib xws rau kev nplij siab.Stitched rau hauv lub hauv siab elastic pluaj, TATSA raug khi ncaj qha rau tib neeg lub cev thiab ruaj ntseg nyob ib ncig ntawm lub hauv siab rau kev saib xyuas kev ua pa (Fig. 5A thiab movie S7).Lub TATSA deformed nrog kev nthuav dav thiab kev cog lus ntawm ribcage, ua rau muaj hluav taws xob tso tawm.Lub waveform uas tau txais raug txheeb xyuas hauv daim duab 5B.Lub teeb liab nrog kev hloov pauv loj (qhov amplitude ntawm 1.8 V) thiab lub sijhawm hloov pauv (ntau zaus ntawm 0.5 Hz) sib haum rau kev ua pa.Lub teeb liab me me tau hloov pauv ntawm lub teeb liab hloov pauv loj, uas yog lub plawv dhia teeb liab.Raws li cov yam ntxwv zaus ntawm kev ua pa thiab lub plawv dhia, peb siv 0.8-Hz low-pass lim thiab 0.8- rau 20-Hz band-pass lim kom cais cov pa taws ua pa thiab lub plawv dhia, raws li qhia hauv daim duab 5C. .Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ruaj khov ua pa thiab mem tes signals nrog ntau physiological cov ntaub ntawv (xws li ua pa tus nqi, lub plawv dhia ceev, thiab feature cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub mem tes yoj) tau txais ib txhij thiab meej los ntawm tsuas yog tso ib tug TATSA rau ntawm lub hauv siab.
(A) Daim duab qhia txog TATSA tso rau ntawm lub hauv siab rau kev ntsuas lub teeb liab hauv lub siab cuam tshuam nrog kev ua pa.(B) Voltage-time plot rau TATSA mounted rau hauv siab.(C) Decomposition ntawm lub teeb liab (B) rau hauv lub plawv dhia thiab ua pa waveform.(D) Daim duab qhia ob TATSAs tso rau ntawm lub plab thiab dab teg rau ntsuas kev ua pa thiab mem tes, raws li, thaum pw tsaug zog.(E) Ua pa thiab mem tes qhia ntawm tus neeg koom nrog noj qab haus huv.HR, lub plawv dhia;BPM, ntaus ib feeb.(F) Ua pa thiab mem tes qhia ntawm tus neeg koom nrog SAS.(G) Cov teeb liab ua pa thiab PTT ntawm cov neeg koom nrog noj qab haus huv.(H) Cov teeb liab ua pa thiab PTT ntawm ib tus neeg koom nrog SAS.(I) Kev sib raug zoo ntawm PTT arousal index thiab apnea-hypopnea index (AHI).Duab credit: Wenjing Fan, Chongqing University.
Txhawm rau ua pov thawj tias peb lub ntsuas hluav taws xob tuaj yeem raug soj ntsuam xyuas cov mem tes thiab ua pa tawm, peb tau ua ib qho kev sim los sib piv cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov mem tes thiab cov pa ua pa ntawm peb TATSAs thiab cov cuab yeej kho mob txheem (MHM-6000B), raws li tau piav qhia hauv tsos S8. thiab S9.Hauv kev ntsuas pulse yoj, lub photoelectric sensor ntawm cov cuab yeej kho mob tau hnav ntawm tus ntiv tes sab laug ntawm tus ntxhais hluas, thiab lub sijhawm no, peb TATSA tau hnav ntawm nws tus ntiv tes sab xis.Los ntawm ob qhov tau txais cov mem tes waveforms, peb tuaj yeem pom tias lawv cov contours thiab cov ntsiab lus tau zoo ib yam, qhia tias cov mem tes ntsuas los ntawm TATSA yog qhov tseeb raws li qhov ntsuas los ntawm kev kho mob.Hauv kev ntsuas kev ua pa, tsib electrocardiographic electrodes tau txuas rau tsib qhov chaw ntawm lub cev ntawm tus tub hluas raws li kev qhia kho mob.Nyob rau hauv sib piv, tsuas yog ib tug TATSA tau ncaj qha mus khi rau lub cev thiab ruaj nyob ib ncig ntawm lub hauv siab.Los ntawm cov cim ua pa uas tau sau tseg, nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv thiab tus nqi ntawm cov teeb liab ua pa pom los ntawm peb TATSA tau ua raws li cov cuab yeej kho mob.Ob qhov kev sim sib piv no tau lees paub qhov tseeb, kev ntseeg tau, thiab kev yooj yim ntawm peb lub tshuab sensor rau kev saib xyuas cov mem tes thiab ua pa tawm.
Tsis tas li ntawd, peb tau tsim ib daim ntawm cov khaub ncaws ntse thiab stitched ob TATSAs ntawm lub plab thiab lub dab teg txoj haujlwm rau kev saib xyuas cov pa taws ua pa thiab mem tes, feem.Tshwj xeeb, ib qho kev tsim dual-channel WMHMS tau siv los ntes cov mem tes thiab ua pa tawm ib txhij.Los ntawm cov kab ke no, peb tau txais cov cim ua pa thiab mem tes ntawm ib tug txiv neej 25 xyoo hnav khaub ncaws ntse thaum pw tsaug zog (Fig. 5D thiab movie S10) thiab zaum (daim duab S26 thiab movie S11).Qhov tau txais cov pa ua pa thiab mem tes tuaj yeem xa mus rau wirelessly mus rau APP ntawm lub xov tooj ntawm tes.Raws li tau hais los saum no, TATSA muaj peev xwm ntes cov pa ua pa thiab mem tes.Ob lub cev muaj zog no kuj yog cov txheej txheem los kwv yees SAS kho mob.Yog li ntawd, peb TATSA kuj tuaj yeem siv los saib xyuas thiab ntsuas kev pw tsaug zog zoo thiab cuam tshuam txog kev pw tsaug zog.Raws li pom nyob rau hauv daim duab 5 (E thiab F, feem), peb tsis tu ncua ntsuas cov mem tes thiab ua pa waveforms ntawm ob tug neeg koom, ib tug noj qab nyob zoo thiab ib tug neeg mob nrog SAS.Rau tus neeg uas tsis muaj apnea, qhov ntsuas ua pa thiab mem tes tau ruaj khov ntawm 15 thiab 70, raws li.Rau tus neeg mob nrog SAS, qhov txawv txav ntawm lub ntsws rau 24 s, uas yog qhov qhia txog kev ua pa tsis zoo, tau pom, thiab lub plawv dhia me ntsis tom qab lub sijhawm apnea vim yog kev tswj hwm ntawm lub paj hlwb (49).Hauv cov ntsiab lus, kev ua pa tuaj yeem ntsuas tau los ntawm peb TATSA.
Txhawm rau soj ntsuam ntxiv txog hom SAS los ntawm cov cim mem tes thiab ua pa, peb tau txheeb xyuas lub sijhawm hloov pauv ntawm lub sijhawm (PTT), qhov ntsuas tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam cuam tshuam txog cov kev hloov pauv hauv peripheral vascular resistance thiab intrathoracic siab (txhais hauv ntu S1) ntawm tus txiv neej noj qab haus huv thiab tus neeg mob. SAS.Rau cov neeg koom nrog noj qab haus huv, qhov ua pa tsis hloov pauv, thiab PTT kuj tseem nyob ruaj khov ntawm 180 txog 310 ms (Fig. 5G).Txawm li cas los xij, rau cov neeg koom nrog SAS, PTT tau nce ntxiv ntawm 120 mus rau 310 ms thaum lub sijhawm pw tsaug zog (Daim duab 5H).Yog li, tus neeg koom tau kuaj pom tias muaj kev cuam tshuam SAS (OSAS).Yog tias qhov kev hloov pauv hauv PTT poob qis thaum lub sijhawm pw tsaug zog, ces qhov xwm txheej yuav raug txiav txim siab raws li lub hauv paus pw tsaug zog apnea syndrome (CSAS), thiab yog tias ob qho tib si ntawm ob qhov tsos mob tshwm sim ib txhij, ces nws yuav raug kuaj pom tias yog SAS sib xyaw (MSAS).Txhawm rau ntsuas qhov hnyav ntawm SAS, peb tau txheeb xyuas ntxiv cov cim sau tseg.PTT arousal index, uas yog tus naj npawb ntawm PTT arousals ib teev (PTT arousal yog txhais raws li lub caij nplooj zeeg PTT ntawm ≥15 ms ntev rau ≥3 s), plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ntsuas qhov degree ntawm SAS.Lub apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) yog tus qauv rau kev txiav txim siab qib ntawm SAS (apnea yog qhov ua tsis taus pa, thiab hypopnea ua tsis taus pa dhau los lossis ua pa qis qis), uas txhais tau tias yog tus naj npawb ntawm apneas thiab hypopnea ib. teev thaum pw tsaug zog (kev sib raug zoo ntawm AHI thiab cov qauv ntsuas rau OSAS yog qhia hauv cov lus S2).Txhawm rau tshawb xyuas kev sib raug zoo ntawm AHI thiab PTT arousal Performance index, cov paib ua pa ntawm 20 tus neeg mob nrog SAS raug xaiv thiab tshuaj xyuas nrog TATSAs.Raws li pom nyob rau hauv daim duab 5I, PTT arousal Performance index muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog AHI, raws li apnea thiab hypopnea thaum pw tsaug zog ua rau pom tseeb thiab ntu ntu ntawm ntshav siab, ua rau txo qis hauv PTT.Yog li ntawd, peb TATSA tuaj yeem tau txais cov mem tes ruaj khov thiab muaj tseeb thiab cov paib ua pa ib txhij, yog li muab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm lub plawv thiab SAS rau kev saib xyuas thiab tshuaj xyuas cov kab mob ntsig txog.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, peb tsim TATSA siv tag nrho cov cardigan plooj txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov cim sib txawv ntawm lub cev ib txhij.Qhov no sensor featured siab rhiab heev ntawm 7.84 mV Pa-1, ceev teb lub sij hawm ntawm 20 ms, siab stability ntawm ntau tshaj 100,000 cycles, thiab dav ua hauj lwm zaus bandwidth.Raws li lub hauv paus ntawm TATSA, WMHMS kuj tau tsim los xa cov ntsuas ntsuas lub cev mus rau lub xov tooj ntawm tes.TATSA tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv cov chaw sib txawv ntawm cov khaub ncaws rau kev tsim kom zoo nkauj thiab siv los saib xyuas cov mem tes thiab ua pa tawm hauv lub sijhawm.Lub kaw lus tuaj yeem siv los pab kom paub qhov txawv ntawm cov tib neeg noj qab haus huv thiab cov neeg uas muaj CAD lossis SAS vim tias nws muaj peev xwm khaws cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws.Txoj kev tshawb no tau muab txoj hauv kev yooj yim, ua tau zoo, thiab siv tau yooj yim rau kev ntsuas tib neeg mem tes thiab ua pa, sawv cev rau kev nce qib hauv kev txhim kho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob.
Cov hlau tsis muaj hlau tau rov ua dua los ntawm cov pwm thiab ncab los ua cov fiber ntau nrog txoj kab uas hla ntawm 10 μm.Stainless hlau fiber ntau raws li cov electrode tau muab tso rau hauv ob peb daim ntawm kev lag luam ib-ply Terylene yarns.
Lub tshuab hluav taws xob muaj nuj nqi (Stanford DS345) thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob (LabworkPa-13) tau siv los muab lub teeb liab siab sinusoidal.Lub tshuab hluav taws xob ob lub zog (Vernier Software & Technology LLC) tau siv los ntsuas qhov siab sab nraud siv rau TATSA.Lub Keithley system electrometer (Keithley 6514) tau siv los saib xyuas thiab sau cov zis voltage thiab tam sim no ntawm TATSA.
Raws li AATCC Test Method 135-2017, peb siv TATSA thiab txaus ballast li 1.8-kg load thiab muab tso rau hauv lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws ua lag luam (Labtex LBT-M6T) los ua cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws zoo.Tom qab ntawd, peb tau ntim lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws nrog 18 nkas loos dej ntawm 25 ° C thiab teeb lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws rau lub voj voog ntxhua thiab lub sijhawm (kev ntxhov siab, 119 strokes ib feeb; lub sij hawm ntxuav, 6 min; zaum kawg tig ceev, 430 rpm; kawg spin lub sij hawm, 3 min).Thaum kawg, TATSA tau dai qhuav hauv huab cua tseem nyob hauv chav tsis siab tshaj 26 ° C.
Cov neeg kawm tau qhia kom pw hauv lub supine txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub txaj.Lub TATSA tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw ntsuas.Thaum cov kev kawm nyob rau hauv tus qauv supine txoj hauj lwm, lawv tuav lub xeev so kom txaus rau 5 mus rau 10 feeb.Lub pulse teeb liab ces pib ntsuas.
Cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv rau tsab xov xwm no muaj nyob ntawm https://advances.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/6/11/eaay2840/DC1
Daim duab S9.Simulation tshwm sim ntawm lub zog faib ntawm TATSA nyob rau hauv kev siv lub zog ntawm 0.2 kPa siv COMSOL software.
Fig. S10.Simulation tshwm sim ntawm lub zog faib ntawm ib chav tiv tauj nyob rau hauv lub siab thov ntawm 0.2 thiab 2 kPa, feem.
Daim duab S11.Ua kom tiav schematic illustrations ntawm tus nqi xa mus rau ib chav hu nyob rau hauv luv luv-circuit tej yam kev mob.
Daim duab S13.Nruam tso zis voltage thiab tam sim no ntawm TATSA nyob rau hauv cov lus teb rau cov tsis tu ncua thov sab nraud siab nyob rau hauv ib tug ntsuas lub voj voog.
Daim duab S14.Voltage teb rau ntau tus xov tooj ntawm lub voj voog nyob rau hauv tib lub cheeb tsam ntaub thaum khaws lub voj xov tooj nyob rau hauv wale kev taw qhia tsis hloov.
Daim duab S15.Ib qho kev sib piv ntawm qhov tso zis ua yeeb yam ntawm ob lub textile sensors siv tag nrho cardigan plooj thiab plooj plooj.
Daim duab S16.Cov phiaj xwm uas qhia cov lus teb zaus ntawm dynamic siab ntawm 1 kPa thiab siab input zaus ntawm 3, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 13, 15, 18, thiab 20 Hz.
Daim duab S25.Cov zis voltages ntawm lub sensor thaum qhov kev kawm nyob rau hauv qhov zoo li qub thiab kev txav chaw.
Daim duab S26.Daim duab qhia txog TATSAs muab tso rau ntawm lub plab thiab lub dab teg ib txhij rau ntsuas kev ua pa thiab mem tes, feem.
Qhov no yog ib tsab xov xwm qhib tau muab faib raws li cov ntsiab lus ntawm Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial daim ntawv tso cai, uas tso cai rau siv, faib, thiab luam tawm nyob rau hauv ib qho nruab nrab, tsuav yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev siv tsis yog rau kev lag luam kom zoo dua thiab muab cov haujlwm qub kom zoo. hais.
CEEB TOOM: Peb tsuas yog thov koj qhov chaw nyob email kom tus neeg uas koj tab tom qhia nplooj ntawv kom paub tias koj xav kom lawv pom nws, thiab nws tsis yog ntawv xa tuaj.Peb tsis ntes ib qho email chaw nyob.
Los ntawm Wenjing Fan, Qiang He, Keyu Meng, Xulong Tan, Zhihao Zhou, Gaoqiang Zhang, Jin Yang, Zhong Lin Wang
Lub triboelectric tag nrho-textile sensor nrog kev kub siab rhiab heev thiab kev nplij siab tau tsim los rau kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv.
Los ntawm Wenjing Fan, Qiang He, Keyu Meng, Xulong Tan, Zhihao Zhou, Gaoqiang Zhang, Jin Yang, Zhong Lin Wang
Lub triboelectric tag nrho-textile sensor nrog kev kub siab rhiab heev thiab kev nplij siab tau tsim los rau kev saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv.
© 2020 American Association rau Advancement of Science.Txhua txoj cai.AAAS yog ib tug khub ntawm HINARI, AGORA, OARE, CHORUS, CLOCKSS, CrossRef thiab COUNTER.Science Advances ISSN 2375-2548.
Post lub sij hawm: Mar-27-2020