Mumakore anotevera, PET yakadzokororwa uye polyolefins zvingangove zvichifanira kuramba zvichikwikwidzana nemapurasitiki emhandara akachipa.Asi misika yezvikara ichakanganiswawo nematongerwo ehurumende asina chokwadi uye sarudzo dzevaridzi vemhando.
Aya aive mashoma ekutora kubva pamisika yepagore pa2019 Plastics Recycling Musangano uye Trade Show, yakaitwa muna Kurume muNational Harbor, Md. Panguva yemusangano weplenary, Joel Morales naTison Keel, vese vari vekambani yakabatana yekubvunza IHS Markit, vakakurukura. musika wekuchinja kwemapurasitiki emhandara uye akatsanangura kuti izvo zvinhu zvinomanikidza kudzoreredzwa kwemitengo yezvinhu.
Mukukurukura nezvemisika yePET, Keel akashandisa mufananidzo wezvinhu zvakawanda zvinoshanduka kugadzira dutu rakakwana.
"Yaive musika wemutengesi muna 2018 nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakati wandei zvatingakurukura, asi tadzokera mumusika wemutengi zvakare," Keel akaudza vanhu vazhinji.“Asi mubvunzo wandiri kuzvibvunza uye isu tose tinofanira kuzvibvunza ndewekuti, 'Ndeipi basa rekuita zvakare mune izvozvo?Kana mamiriro ekunze ave kuita madutu, kudzokorodza kuchabatsira here kudzikamisa mvura, kana kuti kuchaita kuti mvura … iwedzere kusagadzikana?’”
Morales naKeel vakabvumawo zvinhu zvakati wandei zvinonetsa kufanotaura, zvinosanganisira marongero ekusimudzira ehurumende, sarudzo dzekutenga muridzi wemhando, matekinoroji ekudzoreredza makemikari nezvimwe.
Zvakawanda zvezvinhu zvakakosha zvakakurukurwa panguva yemharidzo yegore rino zvakadzokorora zvakaongororwa mupaneru pachiitiko cha2018.
Zvakaparadzana, kupera kwemwedzi wapera, Plastics Recycling Update yakanyora nezvemharidzo papanera kubva kuna Chris Cui, director weChina Zvirongwa zveYakavharwa Loop Partners.Akakurukura nezvekuchinja kwemusika uye mikana yekudyidzana kwebhizinesi pakati peChina neUS
Polyethylene: Morales akatsanangura kuti budiriro yetekinoroji mukutorwa kwemafuta efossil munguva ya2008 yakatungamira mukukwidziridzwa kwekugadzirwa uye kuderera kwemitengo yegasi rechisikigo.Nekuda kweizvozvo, makambani epetrochemicals akaisa mari muzvirimwa zvekugadzira PE.
"Pave nekudyara kwakakosha mucheni yepolyethylene zvichienderana netarisiro yakachipa yeethane, inova mvura yegasi," akadaro Morales, director director wepololefins kuNorth America.Iyo zano kumashure kwekudyara ikoko kwaive kutumira iyo mhandara PE kubva kuUS
Iwo mutengo mukana wegasi rechisikigo pamusoro peoiri wakadzikira kubva, asi IHS Markit ichiri kufanotaura mukana wekuenderera mberi, akadaro.
Muna 2017 na2018, kudiwa kwepasi rose kwePE, kunyanya kubva kuChina, kwakawedzera.Yakatungamirwa nezvirambidzo zveChina pakudzoreredzwa kwe PE kunze kwenyika, akadaro, uye marongero enyika ekushandisa yakawedzera kutsva-kupisa gasi rechisikigo pakudziya (iyo yekupedzisira yakatumira kudiwa kwepombi dzeHDPE padenga).Huwandu hwekukura kwekuda kubva hwadzikira, Morales akadaro, asi anofungidzirwa kuti acharamba akasimba.
Akataura nezvehondo yekutengeserana yeUS-China, achidana mutero weChina papurasitiki yepamusoro yeUS "njodzi kune vanogadzira polyethylene vekuUS."IHS Markit inofungidzira kuti kubva muna Aug. 23, apo mabasa akatanga kushanda, vagadziri vakarasikirwa ne3-5 masendi papound imwe neimwe yavanobudisa, vachicheka mumari yepurofiti.Iyo femu iri kufungidzira mune yayo fungidziro kuti tariffs ichasimudzwa panosvika 2020.
Gore rapfuura, kudiwa kwePE kwaive kwakakura muUS, ichitungamirwa nemutengo wakaderera wepurasitiki, kukura kwakasimba kweGDP, Yakagadzirwa muAmerica mishandirapamwe nemitero inotsigira vashanduri vepamba, musika wakasimba wepombi nekuda kwekudyara kwemafuta, Hurricane Harvey kutyaira kudiwa kwepombi. , yakagadziridzwa PE kukwikwidzana nePET uye PP uye mutemo wemutero wemubatanidzwa unotsigira mari yemuchina, Morales akadaro.
Tichitarisira kugadzirwa kwekutanga, 2019 richave gore rekuda kubata kuti ripe, akadaro, zvinoreva kuti mitengo ingangove yasvika pazasi.Asi ivo zvakare havatarisirwe kukwira zvakanyanya.Muna 2020, imwe wave yekudyara huwandu inouya pa-line, ichisundidzira kugovera zvakanaka pamusoro peinofungidzirwa kudiwa.
"Izvi zvinorevei?"Morales akabvunza."Kubva pakuona kwemutengesi-resin, zvinoreva kuti kugona kwako kwekuwedzera mutengo nemarangi kungangopikiswa.[Kune] mutengi mukuru weresin, pamwe inguva yakanaka kutenga.
Misika yepurasitiki yakadzokororwa yakaita seyakanamatira pakati, akadaro.Akataura nevadzori vane zvigadzirwa zvakafanirwa kukwikwidza zvakachipa, off-giredhi yakakura-spec PE.Anotarisira kuti mamiriro ekutengesa arambe akaenzana nezvaari nhasi, akadaro.
"Pakave nekudyara kwakakosha mucheni yepolyethylene zvichienderana nekuchipa tarisiro ye ethane, inova yega gasi mvura," - Joel Morales, IHS Markit.
Zvakaoma kufanotaura mhedzisiro yemitemo yehurumende, senge kurambidzwa kwepasi rose pamabhegi, mashanga nezvimwe zvinhu zvekushandisa kamwe chete.Iyo inosimudzira kufamba inogona kuderedza kudiwa kweresin, asi inogona zvakare kukurudzira kumwe kudiwa kwemakemikari ane mikana ine chekuita nekudzokorodza, akadaro.
Semuenzaniso, mutemo webhegi wekuCalifornia wairambidza mabhegi matete wakaita kuti ma processor awedzere kugadzirwa kweakakora.Iwo meseji IHS Markit yakawana ndeyevatengi, pachinzvimbo chekugeza nekushandisa zvakare mabhegi akakora kakawanda, vari kuvashandisa semarara emarara, zvisinei."Saka, kana zvakadaro, kushandiswazve kwakawedzera kudiwa kwepolyethylene," akadaro.
Kumwe kunhu, sekuArgentina, kurambidzwa kwemabhegi kwakadzora bhizinesi kune mhandara vagadziri vePE asi vakarisimudzira kune vanogadzira PP, vari kutengesa mapurasitiki emabhegi ePP asina kuruka, akadaro.
Polypropylene: PP yanga iri musika wakaoma kwenguva yakareba asi iri kutanga kuenzana, Morales akadaro.MuNorth America gore rapfuura, vagadziri vakatadza kugadzira chigadzirwa chakakwana kugutsa zvinodiwa, asi musika uchiri kukura ne3 muzana.Imhaka yekuti zvinhu zvinobva kunze kwenyika zvakazadza mukaha wezvikamu gumi kubva muzana zvekudiwa, akadaro.
Asi kusaenzana kunofanira kurerutswa nekuwedzera kwekupa muna 2019. Kune imwe, pakanga pasina "kutonhora kwechando" muna Ndira muGulf Coast semuna 2018, akadaro, uye kupihwa kweiyo feedstock propylene kwawedzera.Zvakare, vagadziri vePP vakafunga nzira dzekubvisa-mabhodhoro uye kuwedzera huwandu hwekugadzira.IHS Markit mapurojekiti anosvika bhiriyoni imwe mapaundi ekugadzirwa kuti auye pa-line muNorth America.Nekuda kweizvozvo, vanotarisira kuona kudzikiswa kweiyo gaka remitengo pakati pekuchipa kweChinese PP uye yepamba PP.
"Ndinoziva kuti idambudziko kune vamwe vanhu vari mukugadzirazve nekuti, ikozvino, yakakura-yakatarwa PP uye yakasara prime PP iri kuoneka pamitengo uye kunzvimbo [uko] ungangodaro wanga uchiita bhizinesi," Morales akadaro."Ingangove iri nharaunda yauchange wakatarisana nayo yakawanda ye2019."
Mhandara PET uye makemikari anopinda mairi anowandisa zvakanyanya sePE, akadaro Keel, mukuru director wePET, PTA uye EO derivatives.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, "hazvina kujeka zvachose kuti ndiani achave vakundi uye vanorasikirwa mubhizinesi rePET rakadzokororwa," akaudza vateereri.
Pasi rose, mhandara yePET inoda i78 muzana yehuwandu hwekugadzira.Mubhizimusi rezvigadzirwa zvepolymers, kana kudiwa kuri pasi pemakumi masere neshanu muzana, musika ungangodaro wakawandisa, zvichiita kuti zviome kuita purofiti, Keel akadaro.
"Nyaya yakanakisa mutengo wekugadzira RPET ichave yakati sandara, inogona kunge yakakwira.Chero zvazvingava, yakakwirira kudarika mutengo wemhandara PET.Vatengi veRPET, vari kuburitsa zvimwe zvibodzwa zvakanaka zvezvinhu zvakadzokororwa mumidziyo yavo, vachada here kubhadhara iyi mitengo yakakwira? "– Tison Keel, IHS Markit
Zvinodiwa zvemumba zvakati sandarara.Musika wezvinwiwa zvekabhoni uri kudzikira asi kukura kwemvura yemubhodhoro kwakangokwana kugadzirisa izvo, Keel akadaro.
Iyo yekugovera-yekuda kusaenzana inotarisirwa kuwedzera kuwedzera nekuwedzera huwandu hwekugadzira hunouya pa-line."Zvatinazvo mumakore mashoma anotevera ndezvekuvaka kukuru," akadaro.
Keel akati vagadziri vari kuita zvisina musoro uye akakurudzira kuti vavhare huwandu hwekugadzira kuti vaunze kugovera uye kudiwa muchiyero chiri nani;zvisinei, hapana akazivisa zvirongwa zvokuita kudaro.Kambani yemakemikari yekuItaly Mossi Ghisolfi (M&G) yakaedza kuvaka nzira yayo yekubuda mumamiriro ezvinhu nekuvaka PET nePTA chirimwa muCorpus Christi, Texas, asi miganho yakaderera uye mutengo wepurojekiti wakakwirisa kambani mukupera kwa2017. Mubatanidzwa unonzi Corpus. Christi Polymers akabvuma kutenga chirongwa ichi nekuchiunza pa-line.
Kutengeswa kunze kwenyika kwakawedzera mitengo yakaderera, Keel akadaro.Iyo US yave kuunza kunze zvishoma uye yakawanda yepamusoro PET.Vagadziri vemumba vakaedza kumisa makwikwi ekunze nezvichemo zvekupokana-kurasa zvakaiswa kuhurumende yemubatanidzwa.Anti-dumping mabasa achinja kwainobva PET yekutanga - yakaderedza mavhoriyamu aibva kuChina, semuenzaniso - asi haana kukwanisa kudzikamisa huremu hwese kusvika pazviteshi zveUS, akadaro.
Iyo yakazara-yekuda pikicha inozoreva kuramba yakaderera mhandara PET mitengo mumakore anouya, Keel akadaro.Ndiro dambudziko rakatarisana nePET reclaimers.
Vagadziri vebhodhoro-giredhi RPET vanotarisirwa kuve nemutengo wakatarwa kugadzira chigadzirwa chavo, akadaro.
"Nyaya yakanakisa imari yekugadzira RPET ichave yakati sandara, inogona kunge yakakwira," akadaro Keel.“Chero zvazvingava, yakakwirira kudarika mutengo wemhandara PET.Vatengi veRPET, vari kuburitsa zvimwe zvibodzwa zvinokatyamadza zvezvakadzokororwa zvemukati mumidziyo yavo, vachazoda here kubhadhara iyi mitengo yakakwira?Handisi kuti havazodaro.Nhoroondo, muNorth America, havana.MuEurope, iko zvino vari nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakati wandei - zvakasiyana zvakanyanya kupfuura vatyairi vekuUS Asi uyu mubvunzo muhombe unoramba uchipindurwa. "
Panyaya yekudzokorodza bhodhoro-ku-bhodhoro, rimwe dambudziko rezvinwiwa mabhureki ndeye "pasi-pasi" chishuwo kubva kune fiber indasitiri yeRPET, Keel akadaro.Iyo indasitiri inodya zvinopfuura zvitatu-zvitatu zveRPET inogadzirwa gore rega rega.Mutyairi anongodhura chete: Zvakachipa zvakanyanya kugadzira staple fiber kubva kuPET yakadzoserwa pane mhandara zvinhu, akadaro.
Kusimukira kuri kusimukira kuti utarise ndiyo yepamusoro PET indasitiri zvine hukasha kubatanidza ma mechanic recycling kugona.Semienzaniso, gore rino DAK Americas yakatenga Perpetual Recycling Solutions PET yekudzokorodza chirimwa muIndiana, uye Indorama Ventures yakawana iyo Custom Polymers PET chirimwa muAlabama.“Ndingashamiswa kana tikasaona zvimwe zveichi chiitiko,” akadaro Keel.
Keel akati varidzi vatsva vangangodyisa mbambo yakachena munzvimbo yavo yekunyunguduka kuitira kuti vape varidzi vemhando pellet yezvemukati.Izvo zvingadaro, munguva pfupi, kuderedza huwandu hwebhodhoro-giredhi RPET pamusika wevatengesi, akadaro.
Makambani ePetrochemical arikudyarawo mune depolymerization matekinoroji ezvimedu zvePET.Indorama, semuenzaniso, yakabatana nePET kemikari kudzokorodza kutanga muEurope neNorth America.Aya maitiro ekudzokorodza, kana nehunyanzvi uye mune zvehupfumi achigoneka, anogona kuve kukanganisa kukuru kwemusika mukati memakore masere kusvika gumi, akafanotaura Keel.
Asi dambudziko rinogara riripo rakaderera PET yekuunganidza mitengo muNorth America, kunyanya iyo US, Keel akadaro.Muna 2017, angangoita 29.2 muzana yemabhodhoro ePET akatengeswa muUS akaunganidzwa kuti adzokororwe, sekureva kwegore negore kubva kuNational Association for PET Container Resources (NAPCOR) uye Association of Plastic Recyclers (APR).Kuenzanisa, chiyero chakafungidzirwa pa58 muzana muna 2017.
"Tichazadzisa sei kudiwa kuri kuiswa nevaridzi vemhando iyo mari yekuunganidza yakadzikira, uye tinoisimudza sei?"akabvunza."Handina mhinduro pane izvozvo."
Paakabvunzwa nezvemitemo yedhipoziti, Keel akati anofunga kuti vanoshanda nemazvo kudzivirira tsvina, kuwedzera kuunganidzwa uye kugadzira mabhero emhando yepamusoro.Munguva yakapfuura, varidzi vemhando yezvinwiwa vakavakurudzira, zvisinei, nekuti mamwe masendi aibhadharwa nemutengi parejista anodzikira kutengesa kwese.
"Ini handina chokwadi parizvino kuti varidzi vemhando huru vanobva papi mutemo wemitemo yedhipoziti.Kubva kare, vaipikisa mitemo yekuisa mari,” akadaro."Kuti vacharamba vachipokana nazvo here kana kuti kwete, handikwanise kutaura."
Iyo yekota yakadhindwa edition yePlastiki Recycling Yekuvandudza inopa yakasarudzika nhau uye ongororo inozobatsira kusimudza mapurasitiki ekudzokorodza mashandiro.Nyorera nhasi kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti waigamuchira kumba kwako kana kuhofisi.
Mutungamiriri weimwe yemabhizimusi makuru emvura yemabhodhoro epasirese nguva pfupi yadarika akatsanangura nzira yekambani yekudzokorodza, achiona kuti inotsigira mutemo wedhipoziti uye mamwe matanho ekuwedzera kupihwa.
Kambani yemakemikari yepasi rose yeEastman yakaburitsa nzira yekudzokorodza iyo inopwanya mapolymer kuita magasi ekushandisa mukugadzira makemikari.Yave kutsvaga vatengesi.
Mutsara mutsva wekudzokorodza uchabatsira kugadzira chikafu-kubata RPET kubva kunenge kwakasviba sosi yakatenderedza: mabhodhoro anotorwa kubva kumarara.
Vatsigiri vepurojekiti yepurasitiki-ku-mafuta muIndiana vakazivisa kuti vari kugadzirira kupaza nzvimbo yemadhora mazana maviri nemakumi matanhatu emamiriyoni emadhora.
Mutengo wezvakasikwa HDPE wakaramba uchidonha uye zvino unogara zvakanaka pazasi pechinzvimbo chayo gore rapfuura, asi akadzoreredzwa PET tsika dzakaramba dziripo.
Kambani yezvipfeko yepasi rose H&M yakashandisa zvakaenzana ne325 miriyoni PET mabhodhoro mupolyester yayo yakadzokororwa gore rapfuura, zvakanyanya kubva gore rakapfuura.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-23-2019