Izinto zombane ezinxitywayo ezinxitywayo zinqweneleka kakhulu ekuqondeni ulawulo lwezempilo olulolwakho.Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwezixhobo ze-elektroniki ezixeliweyo zinokujolisa ngamaxesha athile umqondiso omnye womzimba okanye ziphose iinkcukacha ezicacileyo zemiqondiso, ekhokelela kuvavanyo lwezempilo olungaphelelanga.Ngaphaya koko, amalaphu anepropathi egqwesileyo kunye nentuthuzelo isengumngeni.Apha, sixela i-triboelectric all-textile sensor array kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nokuthuthuzela.Ibonisa ubuntununtunu boxinzelelo (7.84 mV Pa−1), ixesha lokuphendula ngokukhawuleza (20 ms), uzinzo (>100,000 imijikelo), i-width frequency bandwidth (ukuya kwi-20 Hz), kunye nokuhlamba komatshini (>40 ukuhlamba).Ii-TATSA ezenziweyo zathungelwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zempahla ukujonga amaza e-arterial pulse kunye neempawu zokuphefumla ngaxeshanye.Siye saphinda saqulunqa inkqubo yokubeka iliso kwimpilo yovavanyo lwexesha elide kunye nolungenabungozi lwesifo sentliziyo kunye nesifo sokulala, esibonisa ukuqhubela phambili kuhlalutyo lobungakanani bezifo ezingapheliyo.
Ii-elektroni ezinxitywayo zimele ithuba elinomdla ngenxa yezicelo zazo ezithembisayo kumayeza omntu.Banokubeka iliso kwimo yempilo yomntu ngokuqhubekayo, ngexesha lokwenyani, nangendlela engaphazamisiyo (1–11).I-Pulse kunye nokuphefumla, njengamacandelo amabini ayimfuneko eempawu ezibalulekileyo, kunokubonelela zombini uvavanyo oluchanekileyo lwemeko ye-physiological kunye nokuqonda okuphawulekayo kwi-diagnostic kunye ne-prognosis yezifo ezinxulumene (12-21).Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, uninzi lwee-electronics ezinxitywayo zokubona iimpawu ezifihlakeleyo ze-physiological zisekelwe kwi-ultrathin substrates ezifana ne-polyethylene terephthalate, i-polydimethylsiloxane, i-polyimide, i-glass, kunye ne-silicone (22-26).I-drawback yala ma-substrates ukuze asetyenziswe eluswini ilele kwiifomathi ezicwangcisiweyo kunye neziqinileyo.Ngenxa yoko, ii-tapes, i-Band-Aids, okanye ezinye izixhobo ezifunekayo ukuseka uqhagamshelwano oludibeneyo phakathi kwe-electronic wearable kunye nesikhumba somntu, esinokubangela ukucaphuka kunye nokuphazamiseka ngexesha elide lokusetyenziswa (27, 28).Ngaphezu koko, ezi substrates zinokungena komoya okulambathayo, okukhokelela ekungonwabiseni xa zisetyenziselwa ixesha elide, eliqhubekayo lokubeka iliso kwimpilo.Ukunciphisa imiba ekhankanywe ngasentla kukhathalelo lwempilo, ngakumbi kusetyenziso lwemihla ngemihla, i-smart textiles inika isisombululo esithembekileyo.Ezi zambatho zineempawu zokuthamba, ubunzima obulula, kunye nokuphefumla kwaye, ngenxa yoko, amandla okuqonda intuthuzelo kwizinto zombane ezinxitywayo.Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iinzame ezinzulu ziye zanikelwa ukuphuhlisa iinkqubo ezilukiweyo ezisekwe kwizinzwa ezibuthathaka, ukuvunwa kwamandla, kunye nokugcinwa (29-39).Ngokukodwa, uphando oluyimpumelelo luye lwabikwa kwi-fiber optical, piezoelectricity, kunye ne-resistivity-based textiles esetyenzisiweyo ekubekweni esweni kwe-pulse kunye neempawu zokuphefumula (40-43).Nangona kunjalo, la malaphu alumkileyo anemvakalelo ephantsi kunye neparamitha eyodwa yokubeka iliso kwaye ayinakwenziwa kwinqanaba elikhulu (itheyibhile S1).Kwimeko yokulinganisa i-pulse, ulwazi oluneenkcukacha kunzima ukumbamba ngenxa yokuguquguquka okuncinci kunye nokukhawuleza kwe-pulse (umz., amanqaku ayo), kwaye ngoko, uvakalelo oluphezulu kunye nokusebenza okufanelekileyo kokuphendula rhoqo kuyafuneka.
Kolu phononongo, sazisa i-triboelectric all-textile sensor array (TATSA) enovakalelo oluphezulu lwe-epidermal subtle pressure capturing, oluniweyo ngemisonto yenylon eqhutywayo kunye ne-nayiloni kwi-cardigan stitch epheleleyo.I-TATSA inokubonelela ngobuntununtunu boxinzelelo oluphezulu (7.84 mV Pa−1), ixesha lokuphendula ngokukhawuleza (20 ms), uzinzo (>100,000 imijikelo), i-width frequency bandwidth (ukuya kwi-20 Hz), kunye nokuhlamba komatshini (>40 ukuhlamba).Iyakwazi ukuzihlanganisa ngokufanelekileyo kwiimpahla ngokubona, intuthuzelo, kunye nesibheno sobuhle.Ngokucacileyo, i-TATSA yethu inokudityaniswa ngokuthe ngqo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zelaphu elihambelana namaza e-pulse entanyeni, esihlahleni, kwincam yomnwe, nakwindawo zeqakala kunye namaza okuphefumla esiswini nasesifubeni.Ukuvavanya ukusebenza okugqwesileyo kwe-TATSA ngexesha lokwenyani kunye nokujonga impilo ekude, siphuhlisa inkqubo yokubeka iliso yempilo yomntu ekrelekrele ukuze siqhubeke sifumana kwaye sigcine imiqondiso ye-physiological kuhlalutyo lwesifo sentliziyo (CAD) kunye novavanyo lwe-apnea syndrome (SAS) ).
Njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 1A, ii-TATSA ezimbini zathungelwa kwikhafu nakwisifuba sehempe ukuze kube lula ukujongwa okuguquguqukayo kwangaxeshanye kokubetha kwentliziyo kunye neempawu zokuphefumla, ngokulandelelanayo.Ezi zibonakaliso zefiziyoloji zathunyelwa ngaphandle kwamacingo kwi-terminal yesicelo esikrelekrele esiphathwayo (APP) ukuze kuhlalutywe ngakumbi ubume bezempilo.Umzobo 1B ubonisa i-TATSA ithungelwe kwisiqwenga selaphu, kwaye i-inset ibonisa imbono eyandisiweyo ye-TATSA, eyayinikiwe kusetyenziswa umsonto wokuqhuba kunye nomsonto wenayiloni yorhwebo kunye kwi-cardigan stitch epheleleyo.Xa kuthelekiswa nomthungo ocacileyo osisiseko, eyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo kunye nesisiseko sokunitha, umthungo wekhadigan opheleleyo wakhethwa ngenxa yokuba uqhagamshelwano phakathi kwentloko yelophu yomsonto wentambo kunye nentloko yomthungo osecaleni womsonto wenayiloni (umkhiwane. S1) yindawo engaphezulu kunokuba indawo yoqhagamshelwano, ekhokelela kwindawo enkulu ebambeleyo yesiphumo esiphezulu se-triboelectric.Ukulungiselela umsonto we-conductive, sakhetha insimbi engenasici njengefiber esisigxina, kwaye iziqwenga ezininzi zemisonto yeTerylene enye yajijwa kwi-fiber engundoqo ibe ngumsonto omnye wokuqhuba kunye nobubanzi be-0.2 mm (fig. S2), eyayisebenza njenge-fig. zombini umphezulu wombane kunye ne-electrode eqhubayo.Umsonto wenayiloni, owawunobubanzi obuyi-0.15 mm nosebenza njengomnye umphezulu wokufakelwa kombane, wawunamandla aqinileyo okuxinana ngenxa yokuba wawujijwa yimisonto engenakulinganiswa (fig. S3).Umzobo 1 (C no-D, ngokulandelelanayo) ubonisa iifoto zomsonto owenziweyo owenziweyo kunye nomsonto wenayiloni.I-insets ibonisa imifanekiso yazo ye-electron microscopy (SEM) yokuskena ngokulandelelanayo, ebonisa icandelo elinqamlezayo eliqhelekileyo lomsonto wokuqhuba kunye nomphezulu womsonto wenayiloni.Amandla aphezulu obunzima bemisonto yokuqhuba kunye nenayiloni yaqinisekisa isakhono sabo sokuluka kumatshini woshishino ukugcina ukusebenza okufanayo kwazo zonke izinzwa.Njengoko kubonisiwe kuMzobo 1E, imisonto ephothiweyo, imisonto yenayiloni, kunye nemisonto eqhelekileyo yabotshelelwa kwiikhowuni ezihlukeneyo, ezathi ke zalayishwa kumatshini wokunitha osicaba owenziwe ngekhompyutha wolukwa oluzenzekelayo (imuvi S1).Njengoko kubonisiwe kwifig.S4, iiTATSA ezininzi zadityaniswa ngelaphu eliqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa umatshini woshishino.I-TATSA enye enobunzima be-0.85 mm kunye nobunzima be-0.28 g inokulungelelaniswa kwisakhiwo sonke sokusetyenziswa komntu ngamnye, ebonisa ukuhambelana kwayo okugqwesileyo kunye namanye amalaphu.Ukongeza, ii-TATSA zinokuyilwa ngemibala eyahlukeneyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zobuhle nezefashoni ngenxa yokwahlukana kwemisonto yenayiloni yorhwebo (Umfanekiso 1F kunye nefig. S5).IiTATSA ezenziweyo zinokuthamba okugqwesileyo kunye namandla okumelana nokugoba okurhabaxa okanye ukonakala (umkhiwane S6).Umzobo we-1G ubonisa i-TATSA ethungelwe ngqo kwisisu kunye ne-cuff ye sweatshi.Inkqubo yokunitha ijezi iboniswe kumkhiwane.S7 kunye nomboniso bhanyabhanya S2.Iinkcukacha zecala langaphambili nasemva kwe-TATSA eyoluliweyo kwindawo yesisu iboniswe kwifig.I-S8 (A kunye no-B, ngokulandelanayo), kunye nendawo yokubeka intambo kunye nomsonto wenayiloni iboniswe kwifig.S8C.Inokubonwa apha ukuba i-TATSA inokumiliselwa kwiilaphu eziqhelekileyo ngaphandle komthungo ukuze ibonakale iyingqondi kwaye ihlakaniphile.
(A) Ii-TATSA ezimbini ezidityaniswe kwihempe ukujonga ukubetha kwentliziyo kunye neempawu zokuphefumla ngexesha lokwenyani.(B) Umzobo weskim wokudityaniswa kwe-TATSA kunye nempahla.I-inset ibonisa imboniselo eyandisiweyo yoluvo.(C) Ifoto yomsonto we-conductive (i-scale bar, i-4 cm).I-inset ngumfanekiso we-SEM wecandelo lomnqamlezo wentambo ye-conductive (i-scale bar, i-100 μm), equkethe insimbi engenasici kunye neentambo zeTerylene.(D) Ifoto yomsonto wenayiloni (ibha yesikali, i-4 cm).I-inset ngumfanekiso we-SEM womphezulu we-nayiloni (ibar yesikali, i-100 μm).(E) Umfanekiso womatshini wokuluka osicaba owenziwe ngekhompyutha owenza ukuluka okuzenzekelayo kwee-TATSA.(F) Ifoto ye-TATSAs ngemibala eyahlukeneyo (isikali, i-2 cm).I-inset yi-TATSA ejijekileyo, ebonisa ukuthamba kwayo okugqwesileyo.(G) Ifoto yee-TATSA ezimbini ngokupheleleyo kwaye zithungelwe ngaphandle komthungo kwijezi.Ikhredithi yefoto: Wenjing Fan, iYunivesithi yaseChongqing.
Ukuhlalutya indlela yokusebenza ye-TATSA, kuquka iimpawu zayo zoomatshini nezombane, sakha imodeli yokunitha yejometri ye-TATSA, njengoko kubonisiwe kwi-Fig. 2A.Ukusebenzisa i-cardigan stitch epheleleyo, i-conductive kunye neentambo zenayiloni zidibeneyo kwiifom ze-loop units kwikhosi kunye ne-wale direction.Ulwakhiwo lwelophu enye (ifig. S1) inentloko yeluphu, ingalo yeluphu, indawo ewela iimbambo, i-tuck stitch arm, kunye ne-tuck stitch head.Iindlela ezimbini zomphezulu wokudibanisa phakathi kwemisonto emibini eyahlukeneyo zinokufunyanwa: (i) umphezulu wokudibanisa phakathi kwentloko yelophu yomsonto othungayo kunye nentloko yokuthunga yomsonto wenayiloni kunye (ii) nomphezulu wokudibanisa phakathi kwentloko yelophu Umsonto wenayiloni kunye nentloko yokuthunga ye-tuck yomsonto wokuqhuba.
(A) I-TATSA engaphambili, ekunene, nangaphezulu emacaleni amaluphu ezinithiweyo.(B) Ukulinganisa umphumo wokuhanjiswa kwamandla e-TATSA phantsi koxinzelelo olusetyenziswayo lwe-2 kPa usebenzisa i-software ye-COMSOL.(C) Imifanekiso yeskim yokudluliselwa kwentlawulo yeyunithi yoqhagamshelwano phantsi kweemeko ezimfutshane.(D) Iziphumo zokulinganisa ukuhanjiswa kwentlawulo yeyunithi yoqhagamshelwano phantsi kwemeko yesekethe evulekileyo usebenzisa i-software ye-COMSOL.
Umgaqo wokusebenza we-TATSA unokuchazwa kwimiba emibini: ukuvuselela amandla angaphandle kunye nentlawulo yayo.Ukuqonda ngokucacileyo ukusabalalisa uxinzelelo ekuphenduleni ukuvuselela amandla angaphandle, sisebenzise uhlalutyo lwezinto ezinqamlekileyo usebenzisa isofthiwe ye-COMSOL kumandla angaphandle ahlukeneyo e-2 kunye ne-0.2 kPa, njengoko kuboniswe ngokulandelelana kwi-Fig. 2B kunye nomkhiwane.S9.Uxinzelelo luvela kwindawo edityanisiweyo yemisonto emibini.Njengoko kubonisiwe kwifig.S10, sithathele ingqalelo iiyunithi ezimbini ze-loop ukucacisa ukuhanjiswa koxinzelelo.Xa kuthelekiswa nokusabalalisa uxinzelelo phantsi kwamandla amabini ahlukeneyo angaphandle, uxinzelelo kwiindawo ze-conductive kunye neentambo ze-nylon zanda ngokunyuka kwamandla angaphandle, okubangelwa ukudibanisa kunye nokukhupha phakathi kweentambo ezimbini.Emva kokuba amandla angaphandle ekhululiwe, le misonto mibini iyahlukana kwaye ihambela kude enye kwenye.
Iintshukumo zoqhagamshelwano-zokwahlula phakathi komsonto oqhubekileyo kunye nomsonto wenayiloni zibangela ukudluliselwa kwentlawulo, okubalelwa kwidibaniso ye-triboelectrification kunye nokungeniswa kwe-electrostatic.Ukucacisa inkqubo yokuvelisa umbane, sihlalutya icandelo lomnqamlezo wendawo apho iintambo ezimbini zidibanisana (umzobo 2C1).Njengoko kubonisiwe kwi-Fig 2 (C2 kunye ne-C3, ngokulandelanayo), xa i-TATSA ikhuthazwa ngamandla angaphandle kunye neentambo ezimbini zidibanisana, ukufakelwa kombane kwenzeka kumphezulu we-conductive kunye ne-nylon yarns, kunye neentlawulo ezilinganayo ezichaseneyo. i-polarities yenziwa kumphezulu wemisonto emibini.Nje ukuba le misonto mibini ihlukane, iintlawulo ezilungileyo zifakwe ngaphakathi kwintsimbi engatyiwayo ngenxa yesiphumo se-electrostatic induction.Isicwangciso esipheleleyo siboniswe kwifig.S11.Ukufumana ukuqonda okungaphezulu kwenkqubo yokuvelisa umbane, siye salinganisa ukuhanjiswa okunokubakho kwe-TATSA kusetyenziswa isoftware yeCOMSOL (Fig. 2D).Xa izinto ezimbini zidibene, umrhumo uqokelela ngokukodwa kwizinto ezixubeneyo, kwaye kuphela inani elincinci lentlawulo eyenziwayo ekhoyo kwi-electrode, okubangelwa amandla amancinci (Umfanekiso we-2D, ezantsi).Xa izinto ezimbini zihlulwe (umzobo we-2D, phezulu), intlawulo eyenziwe kwi-electrode iyanda ngenxa yokwahlukana okunokwenzeka, kunye nokunyuka okuhambelanayo okunokubakho, okutyhila ukuhambelana okuhle phakathi kweziphumo ezifunyenwe kwiimvavanyo kunye nezo zivela kukulinganisa. .Ngapha koko, ekubeni i-electrode eqhubayo ye-TATSA isongelwe kwimisonto ye-Terylene kwaye ulusu lunxibelelene nezinto zombini zokukhuhlana, ke ngoko, xa i-TATSA inxibe ngokuthe ngqo eluswini, intlawulo ixhomekeke kumandla angaphandle kwaye ayizukwazi. ukuba buthathaka lusu.
Ukubonakalisa ukusebenza kwe-TATSA yethu kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo, sinikezele ngenkqubo yokulinganisa equlethe i-generator umsebenzi, i-amplifier yamandla, i-electrodynamic shaker, i-force gauge, i-electrometer, kunye nekhompyutha (umkhiwane S12).Le nkqubo ivelisa uxinzelelo lwangaphandle oluguquguqukayo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-7 kPa.Kuvavanyo, i-TATSA yafakwa kwiphepha leplastiki elisicaba kwindawo ekhululekileyo, kwaye imiqondiso yombane ephumayo irekhodwa nge-electrometer.
Iinkcukacha zemisonto yokuqhuba kunye nenayiloni zichaphazela ukusebenza kwemveliso ye-TATSA kuba zimisela umphezulu woqhagamshelwano kunye nomthamo wokubona uxinzelelo lwangaphandle.Ukuphanda oku, senze iisayizi ezintathu zemisonto emibini ngokulandelelanayo: umsonto oqhutywayo onobungakanani be-150D/3, 210D/3, kunye no-250D/3 kunye nomsonto wenayiloni ubukhulu be-150D/6, 210D/6, kunye no-250D. /6 (D, i-denier; iyunithi yomlinganiselo esetyenziselwa ukumisela ukutyeba kwefayibha yomsonto ngamnye; amalaphu anenani eliphezulu le-denier athande ukutyeba).Emva koko, sikhethe le misonto mibini enobungakanani obahlukeneyo ukuze siyibophe kwinzwa, kwaye ubukhulu be-TATSA bugcinwe kwi-3 cm nge-3 cm kunye nenombolo ye-loop ye-16 kwicala le-wale kunye ne-10 kwicala lekhosi.Ngaloo ndlela, abenzi boluvo abaneepateni zokunitha ezilithoba zafunyanwa.Isivamvo ngomsonto oqhutywayo kunye nobukhulu be-150D/3 kunye nomsonto wenayiloni kunye nobukhulu be-150D/6 yayiyeyona incinci, kunye ne-sensor ngomsonto wokuqhuba kunye nobukhulu be-250D / 3 kunye nomsonto wenayiloni kunye nobukhulu be-250D / 6 yayiyeyona ngqindilili.Ngaphantsi kwe-excitation mechanical of 0.1 ukuya kwi-7 kPa, iziphumo zombane zale patheni zaphandwa ngokucwangcisiweyo kwaye zavavanywa, njengoko kuboniswe kwi-Fig 3A.Amandla ombane ophumayo kwii-TATSA ezilithoba anyuke ngokunyuka koxinzelelo olusetyenzisiweyo, ukusuka kwi-0.1 ukuya kwi-4 kPa.Ngokukodwa, kuzo zonke iipateni zokunitha, ukucaciswa komsonto we-210D/3 wenayiloni kunye ne-210D/6 yelaphu yenayiloni zinike esona siphumo sombane siphezulu kwaye sibonise obona buntununtunu.Umbane ophumayo ubonise ukunyuka kobunzima be-TATSA (ngenxa yendawo yokudibanisa eyaneleyo) de i-TATSA yadityaniswa kusetyenziswa i-210D/3 intambo ye-nayiloni kunye ne-210D/6 ye-nylon yarn.Njengoko ukunyuka okuthe kratya kobukhulu kunokukhokelela ekufunxeni koxinzelelo lwangaphandle ngemisonto, amandla ombane aphumayo ahlile ngokufanelekileyo.Ngaphezu koko, kuphawulwe ukuba kwingingqi yoxinzelelo oluphantsi (<4 kPa), ukuhluka komgca wokuziphatha kakuhle kwi-voltage ephumayo kunye noxinzelelo wanika uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-7.84 mV Pa-1.Kummandla woxinzelelo oluphezulu (> 4 kPa), uvakalelo loxinzelelo olusezantsi lwe-0.31 mV Pa−1 luye lwabonwa ngovavanyo ngenxa yokugcwala kwendawo esebenzayo yokukhuhlana.Uvakalelo olufanayo loxinzelelo lwabonakaliswa ngexesha lenkqubo echaseneyo yokusebenzisa amandla.Iiprofayili zexesha lekhonkrithi ye-voltage ephumayo kunye nekhoyo phantsi koxinzelelo oluhlukeneyo zivezwa kumkhiwane.I-S13 (A kunye no-B, ngokulandelanayo).
(A) Amandla ombane ophumayo phantsi kweepateni zokunitha ezilithoba zomsonto wokuqhuba (150D/3, 210D/3, kunye no-250D/3) zidityaniswe nomsonto wenayiloni (150D/6, 210D/6, kunye no-250D/6).(B) Impendulo yombane kumanani ahlukeneyo eeyunithi zeluphu kwindawo enye yelaphu xa ugcina inombolo yelophu kwicala elingatshintshwanga.(C) Iiplati ezibonisa iimpendulo ze-frequency phantsi koxinzelelo oluguquguqukayo lwe-1 kPa kunye ne-frequency input input frequency ye-1 Hz.(D) Ukukhutshwa okwahlukileyo kunye nombane wangoku phantsi kwee-frequencies ze-1, 5, 10, kunye ne-20 Hz.(E) Uvavanyo lokuqina lwe-TATSA phantsi koxinzelelo lwe-1 kPa.(F) Iimpawu zemveliso ye-TATSA emva kokuhlamba i-20 kunye ne-40 amaxesha.
Uvakalelo kunye namandla ombane aphumayo nawo aphenjelelwa kukuxinana komthungo we-TATSA, okuye kwamiselwa linani lilonke lelophu kwindawo elinganisiweyo yelaphu.Ukonyuka kwe-stitch density kuya kukhokelela ekugxineni okukhulu kwesakhiwo selaphu.Umzobo 3B ubonisa ukusebenza kwemveliso phantsi kweenombolo ezahlukeneyo zeluphu kwindawo ye-textile ye-3 cm nge-3 cm, kwaye i-inset ibonisa isakhiwo seyunithi ye-loop (sigcine inombolo ye-loop kwicala lekhosi kwi-10, kunye nenombolo ye-loop wale ulwalathiso kwaba 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, yaye 26).Ngokunyusa inani lelophu, amandla ombane ophumayo abonise kuqala umkhwa onyukayo ngenxa yokunyuka komphezulu woqhagamshelwano, de ibe yincopho yombane ephuma kwi-7.5 V enenani le-loop ye-180. I-TATSA yaqina, kwaye le misonto mibini yayinendawo encitshisiweyo yokwahlulahlula.Ukuphonononga ukuba kweliphi icala uxinano olunempembelelo enkulu kwisiphumo, sigcine inombolo yelophu ye-TATSA kwicala le-wale ku-18, kunye nenombolo yelophu kwicala lekhosi yamiselwa ukuba ibe ngu-7, 8, 9, 10, I-11, i-12, i-13, kunye ne-14. I-voltages yemveliso ehambelanayo iboniswe kumkhiwane.S14.Ngokuthelekisa, sinokubona ukuba ukuxinana kwicala lekhosi kunempembelelo enkulu kumbane ophumayo.Ngenxa yoko, ipateni yokunitha ye-210D/3 yomsonto wenayiloni kunye ne-210D/6 yelaphu yenayiloni kunye ne-180 yeeyunithi eziluphu ziye zakhethwa ukunitha i-TATSA emva kovavanyo olubanzi lweempawu zemveliso.Ngaphaya koko, sithelekise imiqondiso yokuphuma kwezinzwa ezibini ze-textile zisebenzisa i-cardigan stitch kunye nomthungo ocacileyo.Njengoko kubonisiwe kwifig.I-S15, imveliso yombane kunye novakalelo usebenzisa i-cardigan stitch epheleleyo iphezulu kakhulu kunokusebenzisa umthungo ocacileyo.
Ixesha lokuphendula lokubeka iliso kwiimpawu zexesha langempela lilinganisiwe.Ukuhlolisisa ixesha lokuphendula lenzwa yethu kumandla angaphandle, sithelekisa izibonakaliso zombane ophumayo kunye neempembelelo zoxinzelelo oluguquguqukayo kwi-frequency ye-1 ukuya kwi-20 Hz (umzobo 3C kunye ne-fig. S16, ngokulandelanayo).Imveliso ye-voltage waveforms yayiphantse yafana namaza oxinzelelo lwe-sinusoidal igalelo phantsi koxinzelelo lwe-1 kPa, kwaye iifom zamaza eziphumayo zinexesha lokuphendula ngokukhawuleza (malunga ne-20 ms).Le hysteresis inokunxulunyaniswa ne-elastic structure engabuyelanga kwimeko yokuqala ngokukhawuleza emva kokufumana amandla angaphandle.Nangona kunjalo, le hysteresis incinci yamkelekile ukujonga ixesha lokwenyani.Ukufumana uxinzelelo oluguquguqukayo kunye noluhlu oluthile lwamaza, impendulo efanelekileyo ye-TATSA ilindelekile.Ke ngoko, uphawu lwe-TATSA lwavavanywa kwakhona.Ngokwandisa i-frequency yangaphandle enomdla, i-amplitude ye-voltage yemveliso yahlala iphantse ingatshintshi, ngelixa i-amplitude yangoku yanda xa i-frequencies ye-tap yahluka ukusuka kwi-1 ukuya kwi-20 Hz (Fig. 3D).
Ukuvavanya ukuphindaphinda, ukuzinza, kunye nokuqina kwe-TATSA, siye savavanya amandla ombane aphumayo kunye neempendulo zangoku kumjikelo wokulayisha wokulayisha.Uxinzelelo lwe-1 kPa kunye ne-frequency ye-5 Hz isetyenziswe kwinzwa.I-voltage-to-peak-voltage kunye ne-current yabhalwa emva kwe-100,000 yokulayisha-ukulayishwa kwemijikelezo (Umfanekiso we-3E kunye nomkhiwane S17, ngokulandelanayo).Iimbono ezandisiweyo ze-voltage kunye ne-waveform yangoku iboniswe kwi-inset ye-Fig 3E kunye nomkhiwane.S17, ngokulandelelanayo.Iziphumo zibonakalisa ukuphindaphindwa okumangalisayo, uzinzo, kunye nokuqina kwe-TATSA.Ukuhlambeka kukwayinqobo yovavanyo ebalulekileyo ye-TATSA njengesixhobo esilukiweyo sonke.Ukuvavanya amandla okuhlamba, sivavanye i-voltage ephumayo ye-sensor emva kokuba umatshini-wahlamba i-TATSA ngokwe-American Association of Textile Chemists kunye neColorists (AATCC) Indlela yoVavanyo lwe-135-2017.Inkqubo yokuhlamba eneenkcukacha ichazwe kwiiMathiriyeli kunye neendlela.Njengoko kubonisiwe kwi-Fig. 3F, iziphumo zombane zabhalwa emva kokuhlamba amaxesha angama-20 kunye namaxesha e-40, abonisa ukuba akukho tshintsho olucacileyo lombane ophumayo kulo lonke uvavanyo lokuhlamba.Ezi ziphumo ziqinisekisa ukuhlambeka okumangalisayo kwe-TATSA.Njengenzwa ye-textile egqokekayo, siphinde sihlolisise ukusebenza kwemveliso xa i-TATSA ikwi-tensile (umzobo we-S18), i-twisted (fig. S19), kunye neemeko ezahlukeneyo zokufuma (umkhiwane.
Ngokwesiseko seengenelo ezininzi ze-TATSA ezibonakaliswe ngasentla, siphuhlise inkqubo yokubeka iliso yezempilo engenazingcingo (WMHMS), ekwaziyo ukusoloko ifumana imiqondiso ye-physiological kwaye inike iingcebiso zobungcali kwisigulana.Umzobo 4A ubonisa umzobo weskimu se-WMHMS esekwe kwi-TATSA.Inkqubo inamacandelo amane: i-TATSA ukufumana izibonakaliso ze-analog physiological, i-analog conditioning circuit kunye ne-low-pass filter (MAX7427) kunye ne-amplifier (MAX4465) ukuqinisekisa iinkcukacha ezaneleyo kunye ne-synchronism egqwesileyo yeempawu, i-analog-to-digital. umguquli osekelwe kwiyunithi ye-microcontroller ukuqokelela kunye nokuguqula iimpawu ze-analog kwiimpawu zedijithali, kunye nemodyuli yeBluetooth (i-CC2640 i-chip yeBluetooth ephantsi kwamandla) ukuhambisa umqondiso wedijithali kwisicelo se-terminal yeselula (APP; Huawei Honor 9).Kwesi sifundo, sithunge i-TATSA ngaphandle komthungo kwintambo, intambo yesandla, iminwe, kunye nekawusi, njengoko kubonisiwe kumfanekiso we-4B.
(A) Umzekeliso weWMHMS.(B) Iifoto zee-TATSA zithungelwe kwibhanti yasesihlahleni, kwindawo yokubeka iminwe, ikawusi, kunye nomtya wesifuba, ngokulandelelanayo.Umlinganiselo we-pulse kwi-(C1) entanyeni, (D1) esihlahleni, (E1) umnwe, kunye (F1) ne-ankle.I-Pulse waveform kwi-(C2) entanyeni, (D2) isihlahla, (E2) incam yomnwe, kunye (F2) ne-ankle.(G) Iifom zamaza zePulse zeminyaka eyahlukeneyo.(H) Uhlalutyo lwamaza e-pulse enye.I-Radial augmentation index (AIx) ichazwa njenge-AIx (%) = P2 / P1.I-P1 yincopho yamaza okuqhubela phambili, kwaye i-P2 yincopho yamaza abonakalisiweyo.(I) Umjikelo we-pulse we-brachial kunye ne-ankle.Isantya se-Pulse wave (PWV) sichazwa njenge-PWV = D/∆T.D ngumgama phakathi kweqatha kunye ne-brachial.∆T lixesha lokulibaziseka phakathi kwencopho ye-ankle kunye namaza e-brachial pulse.PTT, ixesha lokuhamba kwepulse.(J) Ukuthelekiswa kwe-AIx kunye ne-brachial-ankle PWV (BAPWV) phakathi kwempilo kunye neeCAD.*P <0.01, **P <0.001, kunye ne-***P <0.05.HTN, uxinzelelo lwegazi;I-CHD, isifo senhliziyo;DM, isifo seswekile.Ikhredithi yesithombe: Jin Yang, iYunivesithi yaseChongqing.
Ukubeka iliso kwiimpawu ze-pulse zamalungu ahlukeneyo omzimba womntu, siqhotyoshele imihombiso ekhankanywe ngasentla kunye ne-TATSAs kwiindawo ezihambelanayo: intamo (umzobo we-4C1), i-wrist (Fig. 4D1), iminwe (umzobo 4E1), kunye ne-ankle (Fig. ), njengoko kucacisiwe kwiimuvi S3 ukuya kwi-S6.Kwezamayeza, kukho amanqaku amathathu abalulekileyo kumaza e-pulse: incopho ye-wave ehamba phambili ye-P1, incopho ye-P2 ebonakalisiweyo, kunye nencopho ye-dicrotic wave P3.Iimpawu zala manqaku abonisa imeko yempilo yokuqina kwe-arterial, ukumelana ne-peripheral, kunye ne-contractility ye-ventricular yasekhohlo ehambelana ne-cardiovascular system.I-pulse waveforms yomfazi oneminyaka engama-25 ubudala kwezi zikhundla zine zingentla zafunyanwa kwaye zarekhodwa kuvavanyo lwethu.Qaphela ukuba amanqaku amathathu ahlulahlulayo (i-P1 ukuya kwi-P3) abonwe kwi-wave wave ye-pulse entanyeni, esihlahleni, nakwindawo yeminwe, njengoko kubonisiwe kwi-Fig. 4 (C2 ukuya ku-E2).Ngokwahlukileyo, kuphela i-P1 kunye ne-P3 yabonakala kwi-pulse waveform kwindawo ye-ankle, kwaye i-P2 yayingekho (umzobo 4F2).Esi siphumo sibangelwa kukuphakama kwe-wave yegazi engenayo ekhutshwe yi-ventricle yasekhohlo kunye ne-wave ebonakalisiweyo evela kumalungu angaphantsi (44).Uphononongo lwangaphambili lubonise ukuba i-P2 ibonisa kwiifom zamaza ezilinganiswe kwiindawo eziphezulu kodwa kungekhona kwi-ankle (45, 46).Siqaphele iziphumo ezifanayo kwiifom zamaza ezilinganiswe ne-TATSA, njengoko kubonisiwe kwifig.I-S21, ebonisa idatha eqhelekileyo ukusuka kubemi bezigulane ezingama-80 ezifundwe apha.Siyabona ukuba i-P2 ayizange ibonakale kula maza e-pulse alinganiswe kwi-ankle, ebonisa amandla e-TATSA ukufumanisa iimpawu ezifihlakeleyo ngaphakathi kwe-waveform.Ezi ziphumo zokulinganisa i-pulse zibonisa ukuba i-WMHMS yethu inokutyhila ngokuchanekileyo iimpawu zamaza e-pulse kumzimba ophezulu nangaphantsi kwaye iphezulu kuneminye imisebenzi (41, 47).Ukubonisa ngakumbi ukuba i-TATSA yethu ingasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiminyaka eyahlukeneyo, silinganise iifomati ze-pulse zezifundo ze-80 kwiminyaka eyahlukeneyo, kwaye sabonisa idatha eqhelekileyo, njengoko kubonisiwe kumkhiwane.S22.Njengoko kubonisiwe kwi-Fig. 4G, sikhethe abathathi-nxaxheba abathathu abaneminyaka eyi-25, i-45, kunye ne-65 ubudala, kwaye iingongoma ezintathu ezibonakalayo zazicacile kubathathi-nxaxheba abancinci nabaphakathi.Ngokutsho koncwadi lwezonyango (48), iimpawu ze-pulse waveforms zabantu abaninzi ziyatshintsha njengoko bekhula, njengokunyamalala kwenqaku P2, okubangelwa ngamaza abonakalisiweyo aqhubela phambili ukuze azibeke phezulu kwi-wave ehamba phambili ngokuhla ukunwebeka kwemithambo.Esi siganeko sikwabonakaliswa kwiifom zamaza esiziqokeleleyo, siqinisekisa ngakumbi ukuba i-TATSA inokusetyenziswa kubantu abahlukeneyo.
I-Pulse waveform ayichatshazelwa kuphela yimeko ye-physiological yomntu kodwa kunye neemeko zovavanyo.Ngoko ke, silinganise iimpawu ze-pulse phantsi koxinzelelo oluhlukeneyo loqhagamshelwano phakathi kwe-TATSA kunye nesikhumba (umkhiwane S23) kunye neendawo ezahlukeneyo zokubona kwindawo yokulinganisa (umzobo S24).Inokufunyanwa ukuba i-TATSA inokufumana iifomati ze-pulse ezingaguqukiyo kunye nolwazi oluthe kratya malunga nenqanawa kwindawo enkulu esebenzayo yokufumanisa kwindawo yokulinganisa.Ukongeza, kukho imiqondiso eyahlukeneyo yokuphuma phantsi koxinzelelo olwahlukileyo lokunxibelelana phakathi kwe-TATSA kunye nolusu.Ukongeza, ukushukuma kwabantu abanxibe izinzwa kuya kuchaphazela imiqondiso ye-pulse.Xa i-wrist yesifundo sikwimeko ye-static, i-amplitude ye-pulse waveform efunyenweyo izinzile (umzobo S25A);ngokuchaseneyo, xa isihlahla sihamba kancinane kwi-engile ukusuka -70 ° ukuya ku-70 ° ngexesha le-30 s, i-amplitude ye-pulse waveform iya kuguquguquka (fig. S25B).Nangona kunjalo, i-contour ye-pulse waveform nganye ibonakala, kwaye izinga le-pulse linokufunyanwa ngokuchanekileyo.Ngokucacileyo, ukufezekisa ukufunyanwa kwamaza e-pulse okuzinzileyo kwintshukumo yomntu, umsebenzi owongezelelekileyo kubandakanya uyilo lwenzwa kunye nokusetyenzwa komqondiso we-back-end kuyafuneka ukuba uphandwe.
Ngapha koko, ukuhlalutya kunye nokuvavanya ubungakanani bemeko yenkqubo ye-cardiovascular ngokusebenzisa i-pulse waveforms efunyenweyo kusetyenziswa i-TATSA yethu, sazisa iiparamitha ezimbini ze-hemodynamic ngokwendlela yovavanyo lwenkqubo yentliziyo, eyile, i-augmentation index (AIx) kunye nesantya se-pulse wave. (PWV), emele ukunwebeka kwemithambo.Njengoko kuboniswe kwi-Fig. 4H, i-pulse waveform kwi-wrist position ye-25-year-old age man yayisetyenziselwa uhlalutyo lwe-AIx.Ngokutsho kwefomula (icandelo S1), i-AIx = i-60% ifunyenwe, ixabiso eliqhelekileyo.Emva koko, ngaxeshanye siqokelele iifom zamaza e-pulse kwingalo kunye ne-ankle isikhundla salo mthathi-nxaxheba (indlela ecacileyo yokulinganisa i-pulse waveform ichazwe kwiiMathiriyeli kunye neendlela).Njengoko kubonisiwe kwi-Fig. 4I, amanqaku amacandelo eendlela ezimbini ze-pulse waveforms zahlukile.Emva koko sibala i-PWV ngokwefomula (icandelo S1).I-PWV = 1363 cm / s, eyixabiso leempawu ezilindelekileyo kumntu omdala onempilo, yafunyanwa.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sinokubona ukuba iimetrics ze-AIx okanye i-PWV azichatshazelwa ngumahluko we-amplitude ye-pulse waveform, kwaye amaxabiso e-AIx kumalungu ahlukeneyo omzimba ahlukeneyo.Kwisifundo sethu, i-radial AIx isetyenzisiwe.Ukuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa kwe-WMHMS kubantu abahlukeneyo, sikhethe abathathi-nxaxheba be-20 kwiqela eliphilileyo, i-20 kwiqela le-hypertension (HTN), i-20 kwiqela le-coronary heart disease (CHD) elineminyaka engama-50 ukuya kwi-59 ubudala, kunye ne-20 kwi-coronary heart disease (CHD) I-diabetes mellitus (DM) iqela.Silinganise amaza abo e-pulse kwaye sithelekisa iiparamitha zabo ezimbini, i-AIx kunye ne-PWV, njengoko iboniswe kwi-Fig. 4J.Inokufunyanwa ukuba ixabiso le-PWV le-HTN, i-CHD, kunye namaqela e-DM ayephantsi xa kuthelekiswa neqela elinempilo kwaye anomahluko wezibalo (PHTN ≪ 0.001, PCHD ≪ 0.001, kunye nePDM ≪ 0.001; ixabiso le-P libalwe nge-t uvavanyo).Okwangoku, amaxabiso e-AIx e-HTN kunye namaqela e-CHD ayephantsi xa kuthelekiswa neqela elinempilo kwaye anomahluko wezibalo (PHTN <0.01, PCHD <0.001, kunye ne-PDM <0.05).I-PWV kunye ne-AIx yabathathi-nxaxheba abane-CHD, i-HTN, okanye i-DM yayiphezulu kunabo bakwiqela eliphilileyo.Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba i-TATSA iyakwazi ukufumana ngokuchanekileyo i-pulse waveform ukubala iparamitha ye-cardiovascular ukuvavanya imeko yempilo ye-cardiovascular.Ukuqukumbela, ngenxa ye-wireless yayo, i-high-resolution, i-high-sensitivity features kunye nentuthuzelo, i-WMHMS esekelwe kwi-TATSA inika enye indlela efanelekileyo yokuhlola ixesha langempela kunezixhobo zonyango ezibiza kakhulu ezisetyenziswa kwizibhedlele.
Ngaphandle kwe-pulse wave, ulwazi lokuphefumla lukwaluphawu olubalulekileyo lokunceda ukuvavanya imeko yomzimba womntu.Ukujongwa kokuphefumla okusekwe kwi-TATSA yethu inomtsalane ngakumbi kunepolysomnografi yesiqhelo kuba inokudityaniswa ngaphandle komthungo kwiimpahla ukuze ithuthuzeleke ngcono.Ithungelwe kumtya omhlophe we-elastic esifubeni, i-TATSA yayibotshelelwe ngokuthe ngqo kumzimba womntu kwaye ikhuselekile kwisifuba ukujonga ukuphefumla (Umfanekiso we-5A kunye ne-movie S7).I-TATSA iye yagqwetheka ngenxa yokwandiswa kunye nokucutheka kwe-ribcage, okubangele ukuphuma kombane.I-waveform efunyenweyo iqinisekisiwe kwi-Fig. 5B.Isibonakaliso esinoguquko olukhulu (i-amplitude ye-1.8 V) kunye neenguqu zexesha (i-frequency ye-0.5 Hz) ihambelana nokuhamba kokuphefumula.Uphawu lokuguquguquka oluncinci lubekwe ngaphezulu kolu phawu lukhulu lokuguquguquka, obeluphawu lokubetha kwentliziyo.Ngokweempawu zokuphindaphinda kweempawu zokuphefumula kunye nentliziyo, sasebenzisa i-0.8-Hz yokucoca i-low-pass filter kunye ne-0.8- ukuya kwi-20-Hz i-band-pass filter ukwahlula izibonakaliso zokuphefumula kunye nentliziyo, ngokulandelanayo, njengoko kubonisiwe kwi-Fig. 5C. .Kule meko, ukuphefumla okuzinzileyo kunye neempawu ze-pulse kunye nolwazi oluninzi lwe-physiological (njengezinga lokuphefumula, izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo, kunye neempawu ze-pulse wave) zifunyenwe ngaxeshanye kwaye ngokuchanekileyo ngokubeka i-TATSA enye esifubeni.
(A) Ifoto ebonisa umboniso we-TATSA obekwe esifubeni ukulinganisa umqondiso kuxinzelelo oluhambelana nokuphefumla.(B) Icebo lexesha lombane le-TATSA lixhonywe esifubeni.(C) Ukubola komqondiso (B) kwi-heartbeat kunye ne-respiration waveform.(D) Ifoto ebonisa ii-TATSA ezimbini ezibekwe kwisisu kunye nesihlahla sokulinganisa ukuphefumla kunye ne-pulse, ngokulandelelanayo, ngexesha lokulala.(E) Iimpawu zokuphefumula kunye ne-pulse yomthathi-nxaxheba ophilileyo.HR, izinga lentliziyo;BPM, iibhithi ngomzuzu.(F) Iimpawu zokuphefumla kunye ne-pulse yomthathi-nxaxheba we-SAS.(G) Isignali yokuphefumla kunye ne-PTT yomthathi-nxaxheba ophilileyo.(H) Umqondiso wokuphefumla kunye ne-PTT yomthathi-nxaxheba we-SAS.(I) Ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-PTT arousal index kunye ne-apnea-hypopnea index (AHI).Ikhredithi yefoto: Wenjing Fan, iYunivesithi yaseChongqing.
Ukungqina ukuba isivamvo sethu sinokubeka iliso ngokuchanekileyo nangokuthembekileyo kwemithambo kunye nemiqondiso yokuphefumla, siye saqhuba uvavanyo lokuthelekisa iziphumo zomlinganiso we-pulse kunye neempawu zokuphefumla phakathi kwe-TATSAs kunye nesixhobo sonyango esiqhelekileyo (MHM-6000B), njengoko kucacisiwe kwiimuvi S8. kunye nes9.Kumlinganiso we-pulse wave, i-photoelectric sensor yesixhobo sonyango yayinxitywe kumnwe wesalathiso wasekhohlo wentombazana encinci, kwaye okwangoku, i-TATSA yethu yayinxitywe kumnwe wakhe wesalathiso wasekunene.Ukususela kwizinto ezimbini ezifunyenweyo ze-pulse waveforms, sinokubona ukuba i-contours kunye neenkcukacha zabo zifana, ezibonisa ukuba i-pulse elinganiswe yi-TATSA ichaneke njengaleyo ngesixhobo sonyango.Kumlinganiselo wamaza okuphefumula, i-electrocardiographic five electrode yadityaniswa kwiindawo ezintlanu kumzimba womfana ngokomyalelo wezonyango.Ngokwahlukileyo, i-TATSA enye kuphela yayibotshelelwe ngokuthe ngqo emzimbeni kwaye ikhuselekile esifubeni.Ukusuka kwiimpawu eziqokelelweyo zokuphefumla, kunokubonwa ukuba umahluko kunye nesantya sophawu lokuphefumla oluchongiweyo yi-TATSA yethu ibihambelana noko sisixhobo sonyango.Ezi zilingo zimbini zokuthelekisa ziqinisekisa ukuchaneka, ukuthembeka, kunye nokulula kwenkqubo yethu yenzwa yokubeka iliso kwi-pulse kunye neempawu zokuphefumula.
Ngaphaya koko, senze isiqwenga sempahla ekrelekrele kwaye sathunga ii-TATSA ezimbini esiswini nakwindawo esihlahleni ukuze kujongwe iimpawu zokuphefumla kunye ne-pulse, ngokulandelelanayo.Ngokukodwa, i-WMHMS ephuhliswe kabini yasetyenziselwa ukubamba i-pulse kunye neempawu zokuphefumla ngaxeshanye.Ngale nkqubo, sifumene iimpawu zokuphefumula kunye ne-pulse yendoda eneminyaka engama-25 ubudala enxibe iimpahla zethu ezihlakaniphile xa elele (Umfanekiso we-5D kunye ne-movie S10) kwaye ehleli (umzobo S26 kunye ne-movie S11).Iimpawu ezifunyenweyo zokuphefumla kunye ne-pulse zinokugqithiswa ngaphandle kwamacingo kwi-APP yefowuni ephathwayo.Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, i-TATSA inamandla okubamba iimpawu zokuphefumla kunye ne-pulse.Le miqondiso mibini yefiziyoloji ikwayindlela yokuqikelela i-SAS ngokwezonyango.Ke ngoko, i-TATSA yethu inokusetyenziselwa ukubeka iliso kunye nokuvavanya umgangatho wokulala kunye nokuphazamiseka kokulala okuhambelanayo.Njengoko kuboniswe kwi-Fig. 5 (E kunye no-F, ngokulandelanayo), siqhubeka silinganisa i-pulse kunye ne-respiration waveforms yabathathi-nxaxheba ababini, ophilileyo kunye nesigulane esine-SAS.Ngomntu ongenayo i-apnea, ukulinganiswa kokuphefumula kunye ne-pulse rates kwahlala kuzinzile kwi-15 kunye ne-70, ngokulandelanayo.Kwisigulane esine-SAS, i-apnea eyahlukileyo ye-24 s, ebonisa isiganeko sokuphefumula esithintelayo, yabonwa, kunye nesantya sentliziyo senyuka kancinci emva kwexesha le-apnea ngenxa yokulawulwa kwenkqubo ye-nervous (49).Isishwankathelo, imeko yokuphefumla inokuvavanywa yi-TATSA yethu.
Ukuvavanya ngakumbi uhlobo lwe-SAS ngokusebenzisa i-pulse kunye neempawu zokuphefumula, sihlalutye ixesha lokuhamba kwe-pulse (PTT), isalathisi esingabonakaliyo esibonisa utshintsho kwi-peripheral vascular resistance and intrathoracic pressure (echazwe kwicandelo le-S1) lendoda enempilo kunye nesigulane SAS.Kumthathi-nxaxheba onempilo, izinga lokuphefumula lahlala lingatshintshi, kwaye i-PTT yayizinzile ukusuka kwi-180 ukuya kwi-310 ms (Fig. 5G).Nangona kunjalo, kumthathi-nxaxheba we-SAS, i-PTT yanda ngokuqhubekayo ukusuka kwi-120 ukuya kwi-310 ms ngexesha le-apnea (Fig. 5H).Ke, umthathi-nxaxheba wafunyaniswa ene-obstructive SAS (OSAS).Ukuba utshintsho lwe-PTT lwehla ngexesha le-apnea, ngoko imeko iya kugqitywa njenge-syndrome ye-apnea yokulala ephakathi (CSAS), kwaye ukuba zombini ezi mpawu zimbini zikhona ngexesha elifanayo, ngoko kuya kufumaneka njenge-SAS edibeneyo (MSAS).Ukuvavanya ubukhali be-SAS, siye sahlalutya ngakumbi imiqondiso eqokelelweyo.Isalathiso sokuvusa i-PTT, okuyinani le-PTT yokuvusa ngeyure (i-PTT yokuvusa ichazwa njengokuwa kwe-PTT ye-≥15 ms ehlala i-≥3 s), idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuvavanyeni iqondo le-SAS.Isalathiso se-apnea-hypopnea (AHI) ngumgangatho wokumisela iqondo le-SAS (i-apnea kukupheliswa kokuphefumla, kwaye i-hypopnea kukuphefumla okunzulu kakhulu okanye iqondo eliphantsi ngokungaqhelekanga lokuphefumla), elichazwa njengenani le-apneas kunye ne-hyopnea nganye. iyure ngelixa ulele (ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-AHI kunye nemilinganiselo yokulinganisa ye-OSAS iboniswe kwitheyibhile S2).Ukuphanda ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-AHI kunye ne-PTT yokuvusa isalathisi, iimpawu zokuphefumula zezigulane ze-20 ezine-SAS zikhethiwe kwaye zahlalutywa nge-TATSAs.Njengoko kuboniswe kwi-Fig.5I, i-PTT yokuvusa i-index ihambelana kakuhle ne-AHI, njengoko i-apnea kunye ne-hyopnea ngexesha lokulala kubangela ukuphakama okucacileyo kunye nokwexeshana kwengcinezelo yegazi, ekhokelela ekunciphiseni kwe-PTT.Ke ngoko, i-TATSA yethu inokufumana i-pulse ezinzileyo kunye nechanekileyo kunye neempawu zokuphefumla ngaxeshanye, ngaloo ndlela ibonelela ngolwazi olubalulekileyo lwe-physiological kwinkqubo ye-cardiovascular system kunye ne-SAS yokubeka iliso kunye novavanyo lwezifo ezinxulumeneyo.
Isishwankathelo, siphuhlise i-TATSA sisebenzisa i-cardigan stitch epheleleyo ukufumana imiqondiso eyahlukeneyo yomzimba ngaxeshanye.Le nzwa ibonise uvakalelo oluphezulu lwe-7.84 mV Pa-1, ixesha lokuphendula ngokukhawuleza kwe-20 ms, ukuzinza okuphezulu kwemijikelezo ye-100,000, kunye ne-wide work frequency bandwidth.Kwisiseko se-TATSA, i-WMHMS yaphuhliswa ukuba idlulise imilinganiselo ye-physiological parameters kwiselula.I-TATSA inokudityaniswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zeempahla zoyilo lobuhle kwaye isetyenziswe ngaxeshanye ukujonga imithambo kunye nemiqondiso yokuphefumla ngexesha lokwenyani.Le nkqubo inokusetyenziswa ukunceda ukwahlula phakathi kwabantu abasempilweni kunye nabo baneCAD okanye iSAS ngenxa yokukwazi kwayo ukufaka iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe.Olu phononongo lubonelele ngendlela etofo-tofo, esebenzayo, nesebenziseka lula yokulinganisa ukubetha kwentliziyo yomntu kunye nokuphefumla, emele inkqubela-phambili kuphuhliso lombane olulaphu onokunxitywa.
Insimbi engenasici yayigqithiswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwi-mold kwaye yolulwe ukwenza i-fiber kunye nobubanzi be-10 μm.Ifayibha yensimbi engenastainless njengoko i-electrode yafakwa kwiziqwenga ezininzi zorhwebo ezinemisonto yeTerylene enye.
Ijeneretha yomsebenzi (iStanford DS345) kunye ne-amplifier (LabworkPa-13) isetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngophawu loxinzelelo lwe-sinusoidal.Isivamvo samandla amabini (i-Vernier Software & Technology LLC) yasetyenziselwa ukulinganisa uxinzelelo lwangaphandle olusetyenziswa kwi-TATSA.I-electrometer yenkqubo ye-Keithley (i-Keithley 6514) isetyenziselwe ukubeka iliso kunye nokurekhoda umbane ophumayo kunye nombane we-TATSA.
Ngokutsho kwe-AATCC Test Method 135-2017, sasebenzisa i-TATSA kunye ne-ballast eyaneleyo njengomthwalo we-1.8-kg kwaye emva koko uwafake kumatshini wokuthengisa (i-Labtex LBT-M6T) ukwenza imijikelezo ethambileyo yokuhlamba umatshini.Emva koko, sazalisa umatshini wokuhlamba nge-18 iilitha zamanzi kwi-25 ° C kwaye sibeka i-washer kumjikelezo okhethiweyo wokuhlamba kunye nexesha (isantya sokuphazamiseka, imivimbo ye-119 ngomzuzu; ixesha lokuhlamba, i-6 min; isantya sokugqibela se-spin, i-430 rpm; yokugqibela ixesha spin, 3 min).Okokugqibela, i-TATSA yaxhonywa yomile kumoya ongashukumiyo kwiqondo lobushushu elingekho ngaphezulu kwama-26°C.
Izifundo zayalelwa ukuba zilale phantsi ebhedini.I-TATSA yabekwa kwiindawo zokulinganisa.Nje ukuba izifundo zibe kwindawo esemgangathweni ye-supine, zigcine imeko ekhululekile ngokupheleleyo kwi-5 ukuya kwi-10 min.Umqondiso wepulse emva koko waqalisa ukulinganisa.
Imathiriyeli eyongezelelweyo yeli nqaku iyafumaneka ku-https://advances.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/6/11/eaay2840/DC1
Umzobo S9.Ukulinganisa umphumo wokuhanjiswa kwamandla e-TATSA phantsi koxinzelelo olusetyenzisiweyo kwi-0.2 kPa usebenzisa i-software ye-COMSOL.
Umzobo S10.Iziphumo zokulinganisa ukuhanjiswa kwamandla kweyunithi yoqhagamshelwano phantsi koxinzelelo olusetyenzisiweyo kwi-0.2 kunye ne-2 kPa, ngokulandelanayo.
Umzobo S11.Gqibezela imizobo yeskim yokudluliselwa kwentlawulo yeyunithi yoqhagamshelwano phantsi kweemeko ezimfutshane.
Umzobo S13.Umbane oqhubekayo wokuphuma kunye nomsinga we-TATSA ekuphenduleni uxinzelelo lwangaphandle oluqhubekayo kumjikelo womlinganiselo.
Isazobe S14.Impendulo yombane kumanani ahlukeneyo eeyunithi zelophu kwindawo enye yelaphu xa ugcina inombolo yelophu kwicala elingatshintshwanga.
Umzobo S15.Uthelekiso phakathi kokwenziwa kwemveliso yezinzwa ezimbini ze-textile zisebenzisa i-cardigan stitch kunye ne-plain stitch.
Umzobo S16.Iiplati ezibonisa iimpendulo ze-frequency kuxinzelelo oluguquguqukayo lwe-1 kPa kunye ne-pressure input frequency ye-3, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 13, 15, 18, kunye ne-20 Hz.
Umzobo S25.I-voltages ephumayo ye-sensor xa umxholo ukwimeko ye-static kunye ne-motion.
Umzobo S26.Ifoto ebonisa ii-TATSA ezibekwe kwisisu kunye nesihlahla ngaxeshanye ukulinganisa ukuphefumla kunye ne-pulse, ngokulandelelanayo.
Eli linqaku elivulekileyo lokufikelela lisasazwe phantsi kwemiqathango yelayisensi ye-Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial, evumela ukusetyenziswa, ukuhanjiswa, kunye nokuveliswa kwakhona kuyo nayiphi na indlela, okoko nje ukusetyenziswa okubangelwayo kungeyonzuzo yorhwebo kwaye ibonelele umsebenzi wokuqala ngokufanelekileyo. icatshulwe.
QAPHELA: Sicela idilesi yakho ye-imeyile kuphela ukuze umntu omcebisayo eli phepha azi ukuba ubufuna alibone, kwaye asiyoimeyile eyinkunkuma.Asithathi nayiphi na idilesi ye-imeyile.
NguWenjing Fan, Qiang He, Keyu Meng, Xulong Tan, Zhihao Zhou, Gaoqiang Zhang, Jin Yang, Zhong Lin Wang
Inzwa ye-triboelectric all-textile sensor enoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nentuthuzelo yaphuhliswa ukujonga impilo.
NguWenjing Fan, Qiang He, Keyu Meng, Xulong Tan, Zhihao Zhou, Gaoqiang Zhang, Jin Yang, Zhong Lin Wang
Inzwa ye-triboelectric all-textile sensor enoxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nentuthuzelo yaphuhliswa ukujonga impilo.
© 2020 Umbutho waseMelika wokuPhucula iNzululwazi.Onke Amalungelo Agciniwe.I-AAAS ngumlingane we-HINARI, i-AGORA, i-OARE, i-CHORUS, i-CLOCKSS, i-CrossRef kunye ne-COUNTER.I-Science Advances ISSN 2375-2548.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-27-2020