Amacandelo amahlanu esixhobo esiphambili senziwe ngokunyibilika kwe-electron beam, enokuthi idlulise imiqadi yebhokisi engenanto kunye neendonga ezibhityileyo.Kodwa ushicilelo lwe-3D linyathelo lokuqala kuphela.
Isixhobo esisetyenzisiweyo kunikezelo lwegcisa yiPIXL, isixhobo se-X-reyi yepetrochemical esinokuhlalutya iisampulu zamatye kwiMars.Umthombo walo mfanekiso nangaphezulu: NASA / JPL-Caltech
Nge-18 kaFebruwari, xa i-"Perseverance" rover yafika ku-Mars, iya kuthwala phantse iindawo ezilishumi zentsimbi eziprintiweyo ze-3D.Ezintlanu zala macandelo ziya kufumaneka kwizixhobo ezibalulekileyo kwimishini ye-rover: i-X-ray Petrochemical Planetary Instrument okanye i-PIXL.I-PIXL, efakwe ekupheleni kwe-cantilever ye-rover, iya kuhlalutya iisampulu zamatye kunye nomhlaba kumphezulu wePlanethi eBomvu ukunceda ukuvavanya amandla obomi apho.
Inxalenye eprintiweyo ye-PIXL ye-3D ibandakanya ikhava yangaphambili kunye nekhava yangasemva, isakhelo sokunyusela, itafile yeX-ray kunye nenkxaso yetafile.Ekuboneni kokuqala, zibukeka njengeendawo ezilula, ezinye iindawo zezindlu ezinodonga oluncinci kunye nezibiyeli, zinokuthi zenziwe nge-sheet sheet.Nangona kunjalo, kuvela ukuba iimfuno eziqinileyo zesi sixhobo (kunye ne-rover ngokubanzi) zihambelana nenani lamanyathelo okuthunyelwa emva kokwenza i-additive production (AM).
Xa iinjineli zeJet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) zeNASA ziyila iPIXL, azizange zizimisele ukwenza iinxalenye ezifanelekileyo zoshicilelo lwe-3D.Endaweni yoko, babambelela "kuhlahlo lwabiwo-mali" olungqongqo ngelixa begxile ngokupheleleyo ekusebenzeni nasekuphuhliseni izixhobo ezinokuwufeza lo msebenzi.Ubunzima obabelweyo bePIXL bungamakhilogremu angama-16 kuphela;ukugqitha kolu hlahlo lwabiwo-mali kuya kubangela ukuba isixhobo okanye eminye imifuniselo "itsibe" ukusuka kwirover.
Nangona iinxalenye zibukeka zilula, lo kunciphisa ubunzima kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo xa kuyilwa.Ibhentshi yokusebenzela ye-X-ray, isakhelo sokuxhasa kunye nesakhelo sokunyuka zonke zithatha isakhiwo sebhokisi engenanto yebhokisi ukuphepha ukuthwala ubunzima obongezelelweyo okanye izinto eziphathekayo, kwaye udonga lwesigqubuthelo seqokobhe luncinci kwaye ulwandlalo luvale ngokusondeleyo isixhobo.
Amacandelo amahlanu ashicilelweyo e-PIXL e-3D ajongeka njengesibiyeli esilula kunye nezixhobo zezindlu, kodwa uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali olungqongqo lufuna ukuba la macandelo abe neendonga ezibhityileyo kunye nezakhiwo zebhokisi ezingenanto, ezithi ziphelise inkqubo yokwenziwa kwesiqhelo esetyenziswayo ukuzenza.Umthombo womfanekiso: Izongezo zoMchweli
Ukuze kuveliswe amacandelo ezindlu ezikhaphukhaphu kunye nezizinzileyo, i-NASA yaguqukela kwi-Carpenter Additive, umboneleli womgubo wesinyithi kunye neenkonzo zemveliso yoshicilelo lwe-3D.Kuba kukho indawo encinci yokutshintsha okanye ukuguqula uyilo lwala malungu alula, iCarpenter Additive yakhetha ukunyibilika kwe-electron beam (EBM) njengeyona ndlela yokuvelisa.Le nkqubo yoshicilelo yesinyithi ye-3D inokuvelisa imiqadi yebhokisi engenanto, iindonga ezibhityileyo kunye nezinye izinto ezifunwa luyilo lweNASA.Nangona kunjalo, ushicilelo lwe-3D linyathelo lokuqala kuphela kwinkqubo yemveliso.
Ukunyibilika komqa we-electron yinkqubo yokunyibilika komgubo esebenzisa umqa we-electron njengomthombo wamandla ngokukhetha ukudibanisa umgubo wesinyithi kunye.Umatshini wonke ushushu ngaphambili, inkqubo yokushicilela iqhutyelwa kula maqondo obushushu aphakamileyo, iindawo ziphathwa ngokushushu xa iinxalenye ziprintwa, kwaye umgubo ojikelezileyo u-semi-sintered.
Xa kuthelekiswa neenkqubo ezifanayo ze-metal laser sintering (DMLS), i-EBM inokuvelisa umphezulu orhabaxa kunye neempawu ezityebileyo, kodwa iingenelo zayo kukuba iyanciphisa imfuno yezakhiwo zenkxaso kwaye inqanda imfuno yeenkqubo ezisekwe laser.Uxinzelelo lwe-thermal olunokuba yingxaki.Amalungu e-PIXL aphuma kwinkqubo ye-EBM, makhulu kancinane ngobukhulu, aneendawo ezirhabaxa, kwaye abambe iikeyiki zepowdery kwijiyometri engumngxuma.
I-Electron beam melting (EBM) inokubonelela ngeefom eziyinkimbinkimbi zamacandelo e-PIXL, kodwa ukugqiba, uchungechunge lwamanyathelo emva kokucubungula kufuneka lwenziwe.Umthombo womfanekiso: Izongezo zoMchweli
Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, ukuze ufezekise ubungakanani bokugqibela, ukugqiba umgangatho kunye nobunzima bamacandelo e-PIXL, uchungechunge lwamanyathelo emva kokulungiswa kufuneka lwenziwe.Zombini iindlela zoomatshini kunye neekhemikhali zisetyenziselwa ukususa umgubo oshiyekileyo kunye nokugudisa umphezulu.Ukuhlolwa phakathi kwesinyathelo ngasinye senkqubo kuqinisekisa umgangatho wenkqubo yonke.Ubume bokugqibela bungama-22 kuphela amagremu aphezulu kunohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lulonke, olusekuluhlu oluvumelekileyo.
Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nendlela ezi nxalenye zenziwa ngayo (kubandakanya izinto zesikali ezibandakanyekayo kushicilelo lwe-3D, ukuyilwa kwezakhiwo zenkxaso yesikhashana kunye nesigxina, kunye neenkcukacha malunga nokususwa komgubo), nceda ubhekisele kolu phando kwaye ubukele isiqendu samva nje se. Amacandelo Bonisa Ukuqonda ukuba kutheni, kushicilelo lwe-3D, eli libali lemveliso elingaqhelekanga.
Kwiiplastiki zekhabhoni zokomeleziweyo (CFRP), indlela yokususa imathiriyeli iyatyumza endaweni yokucheba.Oku kuyenza yahluke kwezinye iinkqubo zokusebenza.
Ngokusebenzisa ijiyometri ekhethekileyo yokusika kunye nokongeza i-coating eqinile kwindawo egudileyo, i-Toolmex Corp. yenze isiphelo sokusila esilungele ukusika okusebenzayo kwe-aluminiyam.Isixhobo sibizwa ngokuba yi "Mako" kwaye siyinxalenye yochungechunge lwesixhobo sobuchwephesha senkampani yeSharC.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-27-2021