U-Tony Radoszewski, umongameli we-Plastics Pipe Institute, uxoxa ngokuqukethwe okugaywe kabusha epayipini nokuguqula amaphakheji ngeshalofu lezinsuku ezingu-60 abe yimikhiqizo enempilo yesevisi yeminyaka eyi-100.
UTony Radoszewski ungumongameli wePlastics Pipe Institute-inhlangano enkulu yezohwebo yaseNyakatho Melika emele zonke izingxenye zemboni yamapayipi epulasitiki.
Kuningi okukhavayo mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwamapulasitiki angemuva kwabathengi ekufakweni kwawo, kodwa kunenye imakethe yokugaywa kabusha okungaxoxwa ngayo kabanzi: ipayipi elakhiwe ngezinto ezigaywe kabusha.
Bheka i-Q&A yami engezansi no-Tony Radoszewski, umongameli we-Plastics Pipe Institute, e-Dallas, TX, lapho exoxa khona ngamapulasitiki agaywe kabusha ekufakweni kwamapayipi;ukuthi izinto ezigaywe kabusha zisebenza kanjani;kanye nohambo lwakhe oluya eWashington, DC njengengxenye ye-2018 Plastics Fly-In.
Q: Uqale nini ukubona amalungu e-PPI eqala ukusebenzisa amapulasitiki agaywe kabusha ngabathengi?Yiziphi ezinye zezicelo zamapayipi?
A: Uyakholwa noma ungakholwa, imboni yamapayipi epulasitiki enziwe uthayela ibisebenzisa i-HDPE eyenziwe kabusha ngabathengi amashumi eminyaka.Ithayela lokudonsa amanzi ezolimo, elisetshenziselwa ukukhipha amanzi endaweni yepulazi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhiqizwa kwezitshalo, lisebenzise amabhodlela obisi agaywe kabusha namabhodlela okuhlanza abuyela emuva okungenani ngeminyaka yawo-1980.Ekufakweni kwamapayipi, izinto ezigaywe kabusha zangemuva komthengi zingasetshenziswa kuphela ezinhlelweni zokugeleza kwamandla adonsela phansi.Okungukuthi, ipayipi elingacindezeli ngenxa yezikweletu ezingokwemvelo kanye nesidingo sokuqasha ama-resin ahlolwe futhi ahlolwa ukuze afake izicelo zengcindezi.Ngakho-ke, lokho kusho ukugeleza kwamanzi, ipayipi le-culvert, i-turf drainage kanye nezicelo ezingaphansi komhlaba zokugcina/ukuvalelwa.Futhi, ipayipi elingaphansi komhlaba lingenzeka futhi.
IMP: Ngokwazi kwami, zonke izinhlelo zokusebenza zisebenzisa inhlanganisela yakho kokubili ama-resin amsulwa naphinde agaywa kabusha.Kunezinkinga ezimbili ezinkulu ezidlalwa lapha.Okokuqala ukugcina ubuqotho bepayipi eliqediwe ukuze lisebenze njengoba liklanywe.Ngokuya ngekhwalithi nokwakheka kokusakaza kabusha, izilinganiso ezihlukene zokuqukethwe okumsulwa nookugaywe kabusha kuzokwenzeka.Enye inkinga yinani lezinto ezigaywe kabusha zangemuva komthengi ezitholakalayo.Nakuba abathengi abaningi befuna ukugaywa kabusha amapulasitiki, amadolobha amaningi, uma kungewona amaningi, awanayo ingqalasizinda edingekayo ukuze aqoqe, ahlele futhi acubungule imikhiqizo yokuqala.Futhi, kukhona ezinye iziqukathi zokupakisha eziqinile eziyizakhiwo ezinezendlalelo eziningi kuye ngokuthi ziphethe muphi umkhiqizo.Njengesibonelo, izithiyo ze-anti-oxidant ezisebenzisa i-EVOH zenza kube nzima ukuphinda zisetshenziswe.Izinto ezivame kakhulu zokugaywa kabusha yi-HDPE kodwa imboni yamapayipi e-PVC nayo iyakwazi ukusebenzisa inhlaka egaywe kabusha.
IMP: Uma icaciswa ngokuhambisana namazinga wempahla kazwelonke i-AASHTO M294 noma i-ASTM F2306, ipayipi likathayela le-HDPE elenziwe ngokuqukethwe okugaywe kabusha noma okuqukethwe okungamaphesenti angu-100 okusebenzayo okulinganayo.Ngokombiko we-NCHRP Research Report 870, amapayipi kathayela e-HDPE angenziwa ngempumelelo ngezinto ezigaywe kabusha ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo ezifanayo zempilo yesevisi ukuze asetshenziswe ngaphansi komgwaqo omkhulu kanye nezicelo zikaloliwe njengoba amapayipi enziwe nge-virgin resin ehlinzeka ngokusebenza okuqondile kwe-Un-notched Constant Ligament Stress (UCLS) izidingo ziyahlangatshezwa.Ngakho-ke, amazinga e-AASHTO M294 kanye ne-ASTM F2306 yamapayipi e-HDPE kathayela abuyekezwa ngo-2018 ukuze abonise ukuvunyelwa kokuqukethwe kwe-resin okumsulwa kanye/noma okugaywe kabusha (inqobo nje uma kuhlangatshezwana nezidingo ze-UCLS zamareyini agaywe kabusha).
A: Ngamafuphi, inselele.Nakuba iningi labantu lifuna ukwenza okulungile endaweni ezungezile, kufanele kube nengqalasizinda yokubuyisela udoti ukuze kube nokuhlinzekwa okuphumelelayo kwamapulasitiki angemva komthengi.Amadolobha anamaqoqo aphezulu kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlunga enza kube lula kumphakathi jikelele ukuzibandakanya ezinhlelweni zokugaywa kabusha eziseceleni komgwaqo.Okusho ukuthi, lapho wenza kube lula ukuthi othile avele ahlukanise okugaywe kabusha kwezingaphinde zisetshenziswe, izinga lokubamba iqhaza liyoba phezulu.Isibonelo, lapho ngihlala khona sinesitsha se-HDPE esingamalitha angu-95 lapho sibeka khona zonke izinto ezigaywa kabusha.Asikho isidingo sokuhlukanisa ingilazi, iphepha, amapulasitiki, i-aluminium nokunye.Ilandwa onqenqemeni kanye ngesonto futhi izikhathi eziningi uyabona ukuthi izitsha zigcwele.Qhathanisa lokhu nomasipala odinga imigqomo eminingi yohlobo ngalunye lwempahla futhi umninikhaya kufanele ehlisele esikhungweni sokugaywa kabusha.Kusobala ukuthi iyiphi isistimu ezoba nenani elikhulu lokubamba iqhaza.Inselelo yizindleko zokwakha leyo ngqalasizinda egaywa kabusha nokuthi ubani ozoyikhokhela.
Q: Ungakwazi yini ukukhuluma ngokuvakasha kwakho e-Capitol Hill for the Plastics Industry Fly-In (Sept. 11-12, 2018)?Yayinjani impendulo?
IMP: Imboni yepulasitiki iwumkhakha wesithathu wokukhiqiza ngobukhulu e-United States eqasha abasebenzi abacishe babe yisigidi kuzo zonke izifunda nezifunda zekhongolose.Okubalulekile embonini yethu kumayelana nokuphepha kwabasebenzi bethu;ukusetshenziswa okuphephile kwemikhiqizo yethu;kanye nokuphathwa okusimeme kwezinto zokwakha, futhi ngokubambisana siyaqhubeka nokusebenza ekuphathweni kwemvelo okunesibopho kulo lonke uchungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwepulasitiki kanye nomjikelezo wokuphila.Sibe nabasebenzi abangaphezu kuka-135 embonini yepulasitiki (hhayi nje ipayipi) abavela ezweni lonke bacela amaCongressmen angu-120, amaSenator kanye nabasebenzi ukuze baxoxe ngezindaba ezine ezibalulekile imboni ebhekene nazo namuhla.Uma kubhekwa amanani entengo ethulwayo, ukuhwebelana kwamahhala kuyinkinga enkulu embonini yethu ngokombono wokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle.Njengoba imisebenzi yokukhiqiza engaphezu kuka-500,000 ingakagcwaliswa namuhla, imboni yepulasitiki isimi ngomumo ukusebenza ngokubambisana nabaholi emazingeni kahulumeni, wesifunda nawendawo ukusiza ukuthola izixazululo zokuvala igebe lamakhono kubasebenzi banamuhla nabazayo ukuqeqesha abasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe kuwo wonke amakhono. amazinga emisebenzi yokukhiqiza.
Ngokuphathelene namapayipi epulasitiki ikakhulukazi, ukuncintisana okufanelekile nokuvulekile kwezinto zokwakha kufanele kudingeke kunoma iyiphi iphrojekthi yengqalasizinda exhaswe uhulumeni.Izifunda eziningi zendawo zinezincazelo ezindala ezingavumeli amapayipi epulasitiki ukuthi aqhudelane, okudala “i-virtual monopolies” futhi kukhuphule izindleko.Esikhathini sezinsiza ezilinganiselwe, ukudinga amaphrojekthi asebenzisa amadola wombuso ukuvumela ukuncintisana kungaphinda kabili umthelela omuhle wosekelo lwenhlangano, konga imali yabakhokhi bentela basendaweni.
Okokugcina, ukugaywa kabusha nokuguqulwa kwamandla kuyizinketho ezibalulekile zokuphela kwempilo zezinto zepulasitiki.Isizwe sibhekene nesimo esibucayi mayelana namandla okugaywa kabusha kanye nezimakethe zokugcina zezinto ezigaywe kabusha.Ingqalasizinda eyengeziwe iyadingeka ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokugaywa kabusha kwe-US kanye nokwandisa inani lezinto ezigaywa kabusha e-US
Izikhundla zethu zamukelwe kahle kakhulu njengoba sithinte izinto ezibalulekile cishe kuwo wonke umuntu ezweni.Okungukuthi izindleko, abasebenzi, izintela kanye nemvelo.Ikhono lethu lokukhombisa ukuthi imboni yamapayipi epulasitiki njengamanje isebenzisa amaphesenti angama-25 amabhodlela e-HDPE yangemva kwabathengi futhi iwashintsha abe ipayipi elisetshenziswa engqalasizinda engaphansi komhlaba kwaba yikona okuvula amehlo kubantu abaningi esahlangana nabo.Sibonise ukuthi imboni yethu iwuthatha kanjani umkhiqizo oneshelufu yezinsuku ezingu-60 futhi iwuguqulele ekubeni umkhiqizo onempilo yesevisi yeminyaka eyi-100.Lokhu kuyinto wonke umuntu ohlobene nayo futhi wabonisa ngokucacile ukuthi imboni yamapayipi epulasitiki ingaba yingxenye yesixazululo sokuvikela imvelo.
Iphepha lokwenziwa elisekelwe ku-polyethylene egcwele noma ifilimu ye-polypropylene sekungamashumi eminyaka ikhona ngaphandle kokubangela isasasa elikhulu--kuze kube kamuva nje.
Zonke izinto ziyalingana, i-PET izodlula i-PBT ngomshini nangokushisa.Kodwa iphrosesa kufanele yomise izinto ngendlela efanele futhi kufanele iqonde ukubaluleka kwezinga lokushisa kwesikhunta ekufinyeleleni izinga lekristalu elivumela izinzuzo zemvelo ze-polymer ukuba zifezeke.
X Siyabonga ngokucabangela ukubhalisa ku-Plastics Technology.Siyaxolisa ukukubona uhamba, kodwa uma ushintsha umqondo wakho, sisangathanda ukuba nawe njengomfundi.Vele uchofoze lapha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-22-2019